As the leaves turn vibrant hues and the air grows crisp, it’s a clear signal that summer mowing season is drawing to a close. While you might be tempted to simply shove your lawn mower into the garage and forget about it until spring, proper winter storage is crucial for ensuring its longevity and reliable performance. Neglecting this vital step can lead to costly repairs and a frustrating start to the next mowing season. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the best practices for storing your lawn mower for the winter, ensuring it’s ready to tackle your lawn when the snow melts.
Why Proper Winter Storage Matters
Your lawn mower, whether it’s a gas-powered machine, an electric model, or a robotic marvel, is an investment. Like any valuable tool, it requires care and attention, especially during its downtime. Improper storage can expose your mower to a range of detrimental factors.
One of the most common issues is fuel degradation. Gasoline, especially when left sitting for extended periods, can become stale. This stale fuel can gum up the carburetor, leading to starting problems, rough idling, and reduced engine performance in the spring. Stale fuel can also absorb moisture from the air, leading to corrosion within the fuel system.
Another critical concern is battery health. For electric and battery-powered mowers, a discharged battery left in cold temperatures can suffer permanent damage. The electrolyte within the battery can freeze, causing internal components to crack and rendering the battery useless. Even for gas mowers with electric starters, the battery needs to be properly maintained.
Rust and corrosion are also significant threats. Exposure to moisture, salt, and humidity can cause metal parts of the mower, including the deck, blades, and engine components, to rust. This not only detracts from the mower’s appearance but can also weaken critical parts, compromising safety and functionality.
Finally, pests can find your stored lawn mower an attractive shelter or food source. Rodents might chew through wires, or insects could nest in hard-to-reach areas, causing damage that might not be apparent until you’re ready to use the mower again.
Preparing Your Gas-Powered Lawn Mower for Winter
Gas-powered lawn mowers require the most attention when it comes to winter storage due to the complexities of their fuel systems and engines. Following these steps diligently will save you a world of trouble come springtime.
Fuel System Preparation: The Cornerstone of Winter Storage
This is arguably the most important step for gas mowers. You have two primary options for dealing with the fuel:
Option 1: Using a Fuel Stabilizer
This is the most recommended and widely accepted method. A fuel stabilizer is a chemical additive that prevents fuel from degrading, oxidizing, and absorbing moisture. It effectively “stabilizes” the gasoline, keeping it fresh for extended periods.
To use a fuel stabilizer, start by filling your fuel tank almost completely. This minimizes the amount of air in the tank, which reduces condensation and the potential for moisture contamination. Then, add the recommended amount of fuel stabilizer to the tank, following the product’s instructions precisely. You can typically purchase fuel stabilizers at hardware stores, auto parts stores, or lawn and garden equipment retailers.
Once the stabilizer is added, run the engine for about 5 to 10 minutes. This ensures that the stabilized fuel circulates throughout the entire fuel system, including the carburetor and fuel lines. This step is critical; if you don’t run the engine, the untreated fuel remaining in the carburetor will still degrade.
Option 2: Draining the Fuel System
If you prefer not to use a fuel stabilizer, you can opt to drain the fuel tank and carburetor entirely. This method removes the possibility of stale fuel causing problems. However, it can be a messier process and requires caution due to flammable gasoline.
To drain the fuel, locate the drain screw or plug on the carburetor bowl. You may need a wrench or screwdriver to remove it. Place a suitable container, like an approved gasoline container, underneath the carburetor to catch the fuel. Carefully remove the drain screw and allow all the fuel to empty out. Once the bowl is empty, replace the drain screw.
Some people also choose to drain the fuel tank itself. This can be done by siphoning the fuel out or by tipping the mower (carefully!) to pour it out. Be extremely cautious when handling gasoline, and ensure you are in a well-ventilated area away from any open flames or sparks. Dispose of old gasoline responsibly.
Engine Maintenance: Keeping the Heart of Your Mower Healthy
Beyond the fuel, a few other engine-related tasks will benefit your mower:
Oil Change
An oil change is highly recommended before winter storage. Old oil contains contaminants and acids that can damage the engine’s internal components over time. Fresh oil will protect the engine from corrosion during its dormancy.
Warm up the engine slightly before draining the oil. This makes the oil flow more easily. Locate the oil drain plug (usually on the bottom of the engine crankcase), place a pan underneath it, and remove the plug. Once the old oil has drained, replace the plug and refill the engine with the correct type and amount of fresh oil as specified in your owner’s manual.
Spark Plug Inspection and Cleaning
A dirty or fouled spark plug can lead to starting issues. Before storage, remove the spark plug and inspect it. If it looks worn or heavily fouled, replace it with a new one. You can also clean a mildly dirty spark plug with a wire brush. Before reinstalling, you can add a tablespoon of fresh oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole. Then, crank the engine a few times (without the spark plug installed) to distribute the oil. This helps to lubricate the cylinder walls and piston rings, preventing rust. Finally, reinstall the spark plug.
Air Filter Cleaning or Replacement
A clean air filter is essential for proper engine combustion. Remove the air filter and inspect it. If it’s excessively dirty or damaged, replace it. If it’s only moderately dirty, you can often clean it by tapping it gently or using compressed air. For paper filters, replacement is usually the best option.
Cleaning Your Lawn Mower Thoroughly
A clean mower is less prone to rust and corrosion. Before tucking it away, give your mower a good cleaning.
Washing the Mower
Start by washing the exterior of the mower. Use a hose and a mild detergent or a degreaser to remove grass clippings, dirt, and any oil or grease buildup. Pay close attention to the underside of the mower deck, as this is where grass clippings tend to accumulate and can hold moisture.
A putty knife or a stiff brush can be helpful for scraping off stubborn caked-on grass from the deck. Ensure you rinse thoroughly to remove all soap residue.
Drying the Mower
After washing, it’s crucial to dry the mower completely. Use clean rags or towels to wipe down all surfaces, especially metal components. Leaving any moisture on the mower can lead to rust during storage. You can also let it air dry in the sun for a while, but be sure to check all crevices and corners.
Blade Care: Sharpening for Spring Readiness
Your mower’s blades are its most crucial cutting components. Winter is the perfect time to get them in top shape for the next season.
Sharpening and Balancing
Remove the mower blade(s) carefully. If you’re unsure how to do this, consult your owner’s manual or watch an online tutorial. Once removed, inspect the blades for any damage, such as nicks or bends. If a blade is significantly damaged, it’s best to replace it.
You can sharpen the blades using a metal file, a grinder, or a bench grinder. Aim to restore the original cutting angle. After sharpening, it’s essential to balance the blade. An unbalanced blade can cause excessive vibration, leading to wear and tear on the mower’s engine and other components. You can balance a blade using a simple blade balancer tool, which you can purchase at most hardware stores. Hang the blade on the balancer; it should sit level. If one side dips, you’ll need to file away a little more metal from that side until it balances.
Lubrication
After sharpening and balancing, it’s a good idea to lightly coat the blade(s) with a thin layer of oil or WD-40 to prevent rust during storage. Reinstall the blade(s) securely.
Battery Maintenance for Electric and Battery-Powered Mowers
Electric and battery-powered lawn mowers have their own set of storage considerations, primarily revolving around the battery.
Charging the Battery
Before storing your battery-powered mower, ensure the battery is fully charged. A fully charged battery is less susceptible to damage from cold temperatures.
Storage Location for Batteries
For long-term storage, it’s often recommended to remove the battery from the mower and store it in a cool, dry place. Avoid extreme temperatures, both hot and cold. A basement or garage that doesn’t experience drastic temperature fluctuations is ideal.
Some modern lithium-ion batteries have built-in battery management systems (BMS) that protect them from over-discharge. However, it’s still wise to check your owner’s manual for specific battery storage recommendations. If your battery is a lead-acid type, you might need to use a trickle charger or battery tender periodically to maintain its charge and prevent sulfation, which can reduce its lifespan.
Storing Electric Mowers (Corded)
For corded electric mowers, the process is simpler.
Cleaning and Inspection
Ensure the mower is clean and dry. Inspect the power cord for any fraying or damage. If you find any damage, the cord should be replaced by a qualified technician before the next use.
Storage
You can typically store corded electric mowers by coiling the cord neatly and storing the mower in a dry location. Avoid kinking or tightly wrapping the power cord, as this can damage the internal wiring.
Storing Robotic Lawn Mowers
Robotic lawn mowers are sophisticated machines that require specific storage procedures.
Following Manufacturer Instructions
The absolute best way to store a robotic lawn mower is to follow the specific instructions provided in its owner’s manual. Manufacturers design these machines with their unique components in mind, and their recommendations are tailored to ensure optimal performance and longevity.
Generally, this involves fully charging the battery, cleaning the mower thoroughly, and storing it in a dry, protected environment. Some models may recommend storing the charging station indoors as well, especially if it contains sensitive electronics.
Choosing the Right Storage Location
The environment where you store your lawn mower plays a significant role in its protection.
Ideal Storage Conditions
The best storage location is a dry, well-ventilated, and protected area. An ideal spot would be a garage, shed, or basement that is not prone to extreme temperature fluctuations and is free from moisture.
What to Avoid
Avoid storing your mower outdoors uncovered. Exposure to rain, snow, ice, sunlight, and humidity can cause significant damage. Also, avoid areas with high insect or rodent activity. If your garage is damp, consider using a dehumidifier.
Protecting Your Mower with a Cover
Even when stored indoors, a good quality cover can provide an extra layer of protection.
Benefits of a Mower Cover
A mower cover shields your machine from dust, dirt, and accidental bumps or scratches. It also helps to deter pests. Look for a cover made from a breathable, water-resistant material.
Types of Covers
You can find universal lawn mower covers at most hardware and outdoor equipment stores. Ensure the cover you choose is the correct size for your mower.
Putting It All Together: A Checklist for Winter Storage
To ensure you don’t miss any critical steps, here’s a concise checklist:
- Completely clean the lawn mower, inside and out, paying special attention to the underside of the deck.
- For gas mowers, prepare the fuel system by either adding a fuel stabilizer and running the engine or by draining the fuel tank and carburetor.
- Change the engine oil and oil filter.
- Inspect, clean, or replace the spark plug.
- Clean or replace the air filter.
- Remove the mower blade(s), sharpen, balance, and lightly oil them before reinstalling.
- For battery-powered mowers, fully charge the battery and consider removing it for storage in a moderate temperature environment.
- Inspect the power cord for any damage on electric mowers.
- Store the lawn mower in a dry, well-ventilated, and protected location.
- Consider using a protective cover for added protection.
By dedicating a few hours to properly storing your lawn mower for the winter, you’re investing in its future performance and significantly reducing the likelihood of frustrating and expensive repairs come springtime. A well-maintained and properly stored mower will serve you faithfully for many seasons to come.
Why is proper winter storage important for my lawn mower?
Proper winter storage is crucial for protecting your lawn mower from the damaging effects of cold temperatures, moisture, and pests. Neglecting this process can lead to a host of issues, including rust, corroded parts, frozen fuel lines, and even engine damage. By taking the time to properly prepare your mower for its dormant period, you significantly extend its lifespan and ensure it’s in optimal working condition when spring arrives.
Investing in proper storage also saves you money and hassle in the long run. A well-maintained mower will start up easily in the spring, eliminating the need for costly repairs or replacement parts that could have been avoided with simple preventative measures. It ensures your equipment is ready for the first mowing of the season without unexpected delays or performance issues.
What are the essential steps to prepare a gas lawn mower for winter storage?
The first critical step is to stabilize the fuel system. This involves adding a fuel stabilizer to the gas tank and running the engine for a few minutes to ensure the treated fuel circulates throughout the carburetor and fuel lines. This prevents fuel from degrading, gumming up, and causing starting problems in the spring. Alternatively, you can drain the fuel tank completely, though stabilizing is generally preferred for ease of restart.
Next, clean the mower thoroughly, removing all grass clippings, dirt, and debris from the deck, engine, and wheels. This prevents moisture from being trapped, which can lead to rust and corrosion. After cleaning, it’s recommended to change the oil and filter, and to sharpen or replace the blade. Finally, consider lubricating moving parts and touching up any chipped paint to further protect against rust.
Should I store my electric lawn mower differently than a gas one?
Yes, electric lawn mowers require slightly different storage preparations, primarily concerning the battery. If your electric mower has a removable battery, it’s best to store it indoors in a cool, dry place, separate from the mower itself. Check your owner’s manual for specific charging and storage recommendations for your battery type to maintain its health and longevity.
Ensure the mower itself is clean and free of debris, just like a gas mower. For corded electric models, neatly coil the power cord and secure it to prevent damage. For battery-powered models, ensure the battery contacts are clean and protected. Storing the mower in a dry, protected environment, away from extreme temperatures and moisture, is essential for both types of electric mowers.
What is the best way to clean a lawn mower before storage?
Begin by disconnecting the spark plug wire on gas mowers to prevent accidental starting. Then, use a hose or pressure washer to remove loose grass clippings and dirt from the deck, wheels, and engine housing. For stubborn debris, a stiff brush or scraper can be helpful. Avoid spraying water directly into the engine components or electrical connections, especially on electric models.
After washing, thoroughly dry all parts of the mower with a clean cloth or allow it to air dry completely. Pay close attention to areas where water can accumulate, such as around bolts and crevices. A quick spray of a light lubricant or protectant on metal parts can further help prevent rust and corrosion during storage.
What are the best locations for storing a lawn mower during winter?
The ideal storage location for a lawn mower is a dry, clean, and protected environment such as a garage, shed, or a covered patio. The key is to shield the mower from direct exposure to the elements, including rain, snow, humidity, and extreme temperature fluctuations. This will prevent rust, corrosion, and damage to various components.
Ensure the chosen location is pest-free. Rodents can chew on wires or build nests in the engine compartment, causing damage. If storing on a concrete floor, consider placing a tarp or mat underneath the mower to prevent moisture absorption from the ground, especially in areas prone to dampness.
How should I store the blade and the battery for winter?
The lawn mower blade should be removed and cleaned thoroughly to remove any grass or soil. Once clean, it’s advisable to apply a light coating of oil or lubricant to the blade to prevent rust. Store the blade in a dry place, wrapped in a cloth or plastic bag, or in a designated blade storage case to protect its sharpness and prevent accidents.
For batteries, especially those in electric mowers or riding mowers, consult your owner’s manual for specific storage instructions. Generally, it’s recommended to store them in a cool, dry place away from extreme temperatures. If the battery is removable, consider storing it indoors. For lead-acid batteries, ensure they are fully charged before storage and periodically check and top up the charge if possible, according to the manufacturer’s guidelines.
What maintenance tasks should I perform before putting my lawn mower away for the winter?
Before storing your lawn mower, it’s essential to perform several key maintenance tasks to ensure its longevity and proper function. First, stabilize the fuel system by adding a fuel stabilizer and running the engine to circulate it, or drain the fuel tank completely. This prevents fuel degradation and potential damage to the carburetor.
Additionally, change the engine oil and filter, as old oil can contain contaminants that can damage the engine over time. Clean the mower thoroughly, remove grass clippings, and check for any loose parts or damage. It’s also a good practice to sharpen or replace the mower blade and lubricate any moving parts, such as pivot points and cables, to prevent rust and ensure smooth operation when you take it out of storage.