When it comes to children’s toys, cleanliness isn’t just a matter of appearances—it’s a vital part of protecting their health. Toys, especially those used frequently by young children, can harbor bacteria, viruses, and other germs that can lead to illness. From plush toys that absorb saliva to plastic building blocks passed around in daycare settings, every toy has its own cleaning and disinfecting needs.
In this article, we’ll explore the best methods to disinfect toys, taking into account safety, effectiveness, material compatibility, and practicality. Whether you’re a parent, teacher, or caregiver, this guide will help you choose the best disinfecting strategy based on the type of toy and the needs of the child.
Why Proper Toy Disinfection Is Essential
Before diving into the best products to use, it’s important to understand why disinfecting toys is crucial. Children often touch their faces, mouths, and eyes after handling shared toys, creating an easy pathway for germs. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes that routine cleaning and disinfecting help prevent the spread of infectious diseases, especially in environments like daycare centers, schools, and households.
Key reasons to disinfect toys include:
- Preventing the spread of illnesses like colds, flu, and stomach viruses.
- Protecting infants and toddlers who frequently put toys in their mouths.
- Ensuring safe play environments in group settings like daycare centers or preschools.
Types of Toys and Their Disinfecting Requirements
Not all toys can be disinfected the same way. Different materials react differently to chemicals and moisture. Here’s a breakdown of the most common toy categories and their cleaning needs:
Plastic and Rubber Toys
These durable toys (think bath toys, action figures, and plastic blocks) can typically handle soaking, wiping, and even mild heat. The most common disinfecting methods for them include soap and water, bleach solutions, or steam cleaning.
Stuffed Animals and Fabric Toys
These absorb moisture and can trap dirt and allergens. They should typically be machine washed or spot-cleaned with care to avoid shrinking or damaging inner materials. If they can’t be washed, steaming or using a disinfectant spray safe for fabrics is essential.
Wooden Toys
Popular for their eco-friendliness and classic appeal, wooden toys require more nurturing. They should not be submerged in water or harsh chemicals, which can strip finishes, warp wood, or cause splintering. Vinegar, gentle dish soap, or specially formulated wood-safe disinfectants are your best bet.
Electronics and Battery-Operated Toys
These require special care to avoid water and electrical damage. The best way to clean them is with a disinfectant wipe or spray applied to a cloth rather than directly on the toy. Make sure the toy is turned off and batteries are removed when possible.
Best Disinfecting Agents for Toys
Let’s look at different disinfectants and how they work across various toy types.
1. Soap and Water
This is the go-to method for routine cleaning. While it doesn’t kill all germs, it removes dirt and many microbes, especially when scrubbed thoroughly.
Pros:
- Gentle on most toy types
- Safe for children if fully rinsed
- Affordable and accessible
Cons:
- Doesn’t kill bacteria and viruses
- May require additional disinfecting if a virus is present
2. Diluted Bleach Solution
Bleach is effective against a broad range of germs, including viruses like influenza and norovirus. The CDC recommends a bleach solution (5 tablespoons of bleach per gallon of water) for disinfecting surfaces during outbreaks or flu season.
Pros:
- Powerful disinfecting properties
- Effective against common pathogens
- Relatively inexpensive
Cons:
- Not safe for all toy materials
- Has a strong odor
- Requires proper ventilation and thorough rinsing
3. Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a natural disinfectant that works particularly well at killing bacteria, viruses, and fungi. A 3% concentration is commonly available and effective for use on surfaces and toys.
Pros:
- Non-toxic after drying
- Packs strong disinfecting power
- Safe for many toy materials
Cons:
- Can bleach or damage some colors over time
- Not appropriate for long soaking of delicate toys
4. Vinegar
White vinegar contains acetic acid, which can kill some bacteria and viruses. While not a registered disinfectant, it can be effective for daily cleaning, especially for wooden or fabric toys.
Pros:
- Natural and non-toxic
- Effective against mold and bacteria
- Gentle alternative for sensitive materials
Cons:
- Not as potent as bleach or hospital-grade disinfectants
- May leave a strong odor
5. Commercial Disinfectants (e.g., Lysol, Clorox Wipes)
There are many store-bought disinfectants available, many of which are effective on a wide range of microorganisms. Some are designed for specific types of toys.
Pros:
- Kills a broad range of germs
- Fast-acting and convenient
- Specially formulated for safe use on various surfaces
Cons:
- Can be expensive
- Potentially harsh on sensitive toy materials
- May require proper ventilation and thorough rinsing
Best Practices for Disinfecting Toys by Material Type
Here’s a step-by-step approach based on the most common toy types to help you disinfect them effectively and safely.
How to Disinfect Plastic and Rubber Toys
Plastic toys can usually handle being submerged and scrubbed.
- Remove loose dirt and rinse under warm water.
- Soak the toys in a disinfecting solution (such as diluted bleach or hydrogen peroxide) for 5–10 minutes.
- Scrub with a soft brush to remove any remaining residue.
- Thoroughly rinse in clean water and allow to air dry on a clean towel.
TIP: For deep cleaning bath toys, use a solution of water and bleach, then dry them with a clean cloth and leave open in a warm, dry area to prevent mold.
How to Disinfect Stuffed Animals and Fabric Toys
These often pose a challenge since they can’t be soaked or cleaned with excessive moisture.
- Check care labels for washing instructions.
- Put plush toys in a mesh laundry bag or pillowcase for protection in the washing machine.
- Wash in warm water using a mild detergent and the gentle cycle.
- Dry on low heat or air-dry, especially for older toys that may be sensitive to heat.
- Alternative: Use a disinfectant spray labeled safe for fabrics, follow instructions, and allow it to dry completely before returning the toy to the child.
WARNING: Never put stuffed animals with batteries, glued parts, or delicate stuffing in the washing machine.
How to Disinfect Wooden Toys
Wooden toys require a gentle hand to preserve their finish and integrity.
- Use a soft cloth dipped in soapy water to wipe the toy down.
- Rinse the cloth with clean water and wipe off any residual soap.
- Use a 3% hydrogen peroxide or vinegar solution in a spray bottle to disinfect the surface (avoid soaking).
- Dry the toy completely before allowing a child to play with it.
- Apply a beeswax or food-grade oil to preserve the finish regularly.
PRO TIP: If your wooden toy is varnished, always avoid submersion to prevent warping or peeling.
How to Disinfect Electronic or Battery-Operated Toys
These require special care to prevent both germs and electrical damage.
- Remove the batteries to avoid moisture damage.
- Use a disinfectant wipe (like Clorox or Lysol) or apply a small amount of solution to a cloth and wipe the toy’s surfaces.
- Avoid getting moisture into open ports or button seams.
- Allow the toy to air dry thoroughly before replacing batteries and giving it back to the child.
CAUTION: Avoid spray disinfectants unless instructed that they are safe for electronics. Always ensure no moisture remains in the seams before powering on.
How to Establish a Toy Disinfection Routine
Regular cleaning and disinfecting of toys should be part of every household or childcare setting’s hygiene schedule. Here are some smart ways to maintain cleanliness:
Daily Cleaning vs. Weekly Disinfecting
Not every toy needs to be disinfected daily. High-touch toys (e.g., those used during meals or bath time) should be cleaned daily, while less frequently played-with items can be disinfected once a week.
Disinfecting After Illness
When a child is sick, especially with a contagious illness like hand, foot, and mouth disease or influenza, all toys should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to prevent the spread of germs to others.
Use Toy Rotation
Many daycare centers use a toy rotation system. This involves dividing toys into sets that are used one week and stored the next, allowing time for germs to die off before the toys are reintroduced to children.
Implement a Toy Sanitizing Station
Teach children to practice good hygiene by placing a simple handwashing and toy-cleaning station near play areas. You can place bins, wipes, and a schedule for rotating toys through cleaning.
Environmentally Friendly Toy Disinfection Tips
Many parents are turning to natural and eco-friendly options to keep their kids safe without exposing them to harsh chemical residues.
Use Natural Disinfectants
Hydrogen peroxide, apple cider vinegar, and steam cleaners are effective and gentle on both toys and the environment.
Opt for Biodegradable Wipes
Some brands offer biodegradable disinfecting wipes for use on plastic and hard surfaces without leaving harmful residues.
Choose Non-Toxic Commercial Products
Look for products labeled as child-safe or non-toxic, ideally with EPA registration for antimicrobial effectiveness.
Examples include:
- MamaSita Multi-Surface Disinfectant
- Bon Cleanse
- Branch Basics Concentrate
Innovative Tools for Disinfecting Toys
Advancements in technology have introduced new, powerful toy cleaning tools for parents and caregivers.
Steam Cleaners
Steam cleaning uses the power of high-temperature steam to kill germs. The device is safe for use on most surfaces and is chemical-free.
UV Sanitizers
Several UV sanitizing devices are now designed specifically for small items like toys. These units use UV-C light to deactivate pathogens in just minutes.
Dishwasher or Clothes Dryer for Toys
Some hard plastic and rubber toys can be disinfected using the dishwasher’s sanitize setting or the hot-dry cycle in the washing machine. Just make sure the toy is dishwasher- or laundry-safe before using.
Final Thoughts: Finding the Right Disinfectant for Every Toy
The best toy disinfectant depends on your specific needs, including the materials of the toys, the age of the child, and any health or environmental concerns you have. While commercial products like bleach and disinfectant wipes are excellent for killing viruses, natural cleaners like vinegar and hydrogen peroxide are perfect for everyday maintenance.
Remember, consistency is key. Regular cleaning and disinfecting will ensure that your child’s playtime is not only fun but safe too.
In summary:
- Use diluted bleach for plastic toys during illness outbreaks.
- Steam or vinegar solutions are ideal for wooden and fabric toys.
- Avoid moisture and harsh chemicals on electronics.
- Combine proper hygiene habits with a regular disinfecting routine for best results.
By following this guide, you can confidently protect your child’s environment while minimizing chemical exposure and ensuring a safe, happy play experience.
Can I use bleach to disinfect my child’s toys?
Yes, bleach can be an effective disinfectant for non-porous toys such as plastic or rubber. A diluted bleach solution (typically 1 tablespoon of bleach per gallon of water) is recommended by health organizations like the CDC for sanitizing surfaces and items that come into frequent contact with children. It’s important to follow the correct dilution ratio, allow the solution to sit on the toy for several minutes, and then rinse thoroughly with clean water to remove any residue.
However, bleach should not be used on porous materials such as stuffed animals or wooden toys, as it can be absorbed into the material and may be difficult to rinse out completely. In addition, bleach should always be used in a well-ventilated area, and gloves should be worn to protect the skin. After disinfecting with bleach, allow the toys to air dry completely before giving them back to the child.
Are there natural alternatives to chemical disinfectants for cleaning toys?
Yes, there are natural disinfectants that can be used to clean children’s toys, including white vinegar, hydrogen peroxide, and essential oils. A solution of equal parts white vinegar and water can be effective in killing many types of germs, making it a safe and affordable alternative. Hydrogen peroxide, especially at a 3% concentration, also has disinfecting properties and can be applied directly to surfaces after wiping away debris.
While natural cleaners are gentler and often safer for children, they typically do not disinfect as thoroughly or rapidly as chemical solutions like bleach or commercial disinfectants. It’s important to note that some natural disinfectants may have a strong smell or may not be effective against certain pathogens. Always test a small area first and ensure toys are properly rinsed and dried before allowing children to handle them.
How do I clean plush or fabric toys safely?
Plush or fabric toys can accumulate germs and dirt over time, especially if they’re frequently held or mouthed by a child. The best method for cleaning them is often using the washing machine. Use a gentle cycle with cold or warm water and a mild detergent to avoid damaging the fabric. Adding a half cup of white vinegar to the rinse cycle can add a natural disinfectant effect.
If the plush toy is not machine washable, spot cleaning with a cloth and disinfectant solution may be required, or you could consider using a steam cleaner to kill germs without excessive moisture. Air drying is preferable to using a dryer, as it helps preserve the toy’s shape and fabric. Always check the care label first and avoid using bleach or harsh chemicals if they are not recommended for that particular fabric type.
What’s the best way to disinfect electronic or battery-operated toys?
Electronic or battery-operated toys should not be submerged in water or exposed to excessive moisture, as this can damage sensitive components. The best way to disinfect these toys is by wiping the surface with a disinfectant wipe or a cloth dampened with a disinfecting solution, such as isopropyl alcohol diluted to 70% or a bleach-water solution. Avoid letting liquid seep into openings such as battery compartments or speaker holes.
After wiping, let the toy air dry or dry with a clean cloth. If the toy requires deeper cleaning, such as after a child has been ill, it may help to let the toy sit for a few hours before wiping it down again. Always remove batteries before cleaning and consult the manufacturer’s cleaning instructions to prevent damage or voiding the warranty.
Is it safe to use alcohol-based disinfectants on children’s toys?
Yes, alcohol-based disinfectants like isopropyl alcohol (70% or higher) can be safe and effective for disinfecting non-porous toys such as plastic or rubber. Alcohol works well as a surface disinfectant because it evaporates quickly and doesn’t leave behind residue, making it suitable for items that are hard to rinse. Ensure that you wipe or spray the toy thoroughly and allow it to air dry before allowing the child to play with it.
However, alcohol may not be effective against all types of germs—especially certain spores—and may not penetrate thick layers of dirt or grime. It’s also not suitable for porous surfaces like fabric or wood. When using alcohol-based disinfectants, be cautious around open flames or sparks, as alcohol is highly flammable. Always store it out of reach of children after use.
How often should toys be disinfected?
The frequency of disinfecting toys depends on their usage and the environment. For regularly used toys in a home setting, a weekly disinfection is often sufficient to maintain hygiene, especially for hard-to-clean toys. However, during times of illness in the household or in daycare settings where many children share toys, daily disinfection may be necessary to prevent the spread of germs.
Toys that are frequently mouthed by infants, handled in unsanitary ways, or exposed to outdoor surfaces should be cleaned more often. Visual examination or odor can be clues that a toy needs cleaning. As a general rule, if a toy appears visibly dirty, sticky, or has come into contact with bodily fluids, it should be disinfected immediately. Establishing a routine cleaning schedule helps maintain a healthy play environment.
What should I do if a toy cannot be cleaned easily?
If a toy cannot be cleaned easily due to its design or material, such as porous wooden toys or decorative items, the best approach is to remove visible dirt or debris with a dry cloth or brush. To disinfect, you can use alternatives like a UV-C sanitizer or expose the toy to direct sunlight for several hours, as UV light has natural disinfecting properties. These methods are particularly useful when water or chemical cleaners could damage the toy.
In some cases, it may be better to replace toys that are heavily soiled or impossible to clean thoroughly. Broken or cracked toys can harbor bacteria that cannot be removed with regular cleaning methods. For wooden toys that are unfinished or handcrafted, it’s best to spot clean with a slightly damp cloth and avoid full immersion in water. If in doubt, always refer to the manufacturer’s care instructions for safe cleaning options.