Natural swimming pools have gained significant popularity in recent years as people become more environmentally conscious and seek ways to harmonize luxury with sustainability. But what exactly is a natural swimming pool called, and how does it differ from conventional concrete or vinyl-lined pools?
If you’re curious about a more organic, eco-friendly way to enjoy a backyard swim, this comprehensive guide will delve into the terminology, design principles, benefits, and much more surrounding natural swimming pools.
What Is a Natural Swimming Pool Called?
A natural swimming pool is most commonly known as a natural pool or natural swimming pond. Other terms you might encounter include:
- Ecological pool
- Swimming pond
- Biological pool
- Self-cleaning pool
These terms are often used interchangeably depending on regional preferences, design techniques, and ecosystem principles. However, they all refer to a water body that mimics the appearance and ecological function of a natural pond while providing a clean, safe place for swimming — without the use of harsh chemicals like chlorine.
The Evolution of Natural Swimming Pools
Natural swimming pools originated in Europe in the 1980s, primarily in Austria and Germany, as part of a growing movement toward sustainable architecture and ecological design. The goal was to create a pool that operates in harmony with nature by employing biological water purification through aquatic plants and gravel filters.
Over the years, the technology and design have evolved dramatically, blending aesthetics with function, making them a popular choice for environmentally minded homeowners in North America and beyond.
How Does a Natural Swimming Pool Work?
Unlike traditional pools that rely on chlorine or bromine to sanitize water, natural swimming pools rely on biological filtration systems and aquatic flora to maintain water clarity and hygiene. Their design mimics the conditions found in natural bodies of water, creating a balanced and self-sustaining environment.
Key Components of a Natural Swimming Pool
A natural pool consists of several interdependent parts working together:
1. Swimming Zone
This is the deep, clear water area where people swim. It is similar to the deep end of a conventional pool but does not require a liner or chemical treatment.
2. Regeneration Zone
Also known as the plant zone, this area is filled with aquatic and marginal plants that help filter the water. It mimics a natural ecosystem and plays a vital role in water purification.
3. Biological Filtration System
This includes sand, gravel beds, and sometimes specialized filter boxes that house beneficial bacteria. These bacteria break down organic matter and purify the water without chemical assistance.
How the System Cycles Water
A natural swimming pool uses pumps to circulate water continuously between the swimming zone and the regeneration zone. As the water passes through the plant zone and the filtration system, harmful pathogens, algae spores, and debris are naturally removed.
This system is completely safe for human contact and swimming, and has the added benefit of supporting local wildlife like dragonflies and frogs, while discouraging harmful mosquitoes by ensuring the water remains in constant motion.
Do Natural Pools Attract Mosquitoes?
This is a common concern. However, mosquitoes do not lay eggs in moving water, and the constant circulation in a natural pool discourages infestations. Plus, natural predator species, such as dragonflies and frogs, help control insect populations effectively.
Types of Natural Swimming Pool Designs
There is no one-size-fits-all when it comes to natural swimming pools. Designers can tailor their appearance to suit a wide range of landscapes and personal tastes.
Traditional Natural Pond-Style Pool
This design blends seamlessly into its environment, resembling a pond rather than a traditional pool. It often features natural contours and irregular edges, with rocks, reeds, and aquatic plants.
Modern Architectural Natural Pool
Designed to appeal to contemporary architecture lovers, these pools feature clean lines and modern aesthetics while still incorporating a regeneration zone and plant-based filtration. They are especially popular in urban and suburban settings.
Integrated Landscape Pool
A pool that integrates into a broader ecological garden design — sometimes connecting with rainwater harvesting systems, green roofs, and water features like fountains. These are popular in eco-luxury homes and permaculture-focused landscapes.
Why Choose a Natural Swimming Pool Over a Traditional One?
Choosing a natural swimming pool over a traditional one isn’t just about aesthetics — it’s also a lifestyle and environmental choice. Here are some of the top reasons for making the switch:
Chemical-Free Water
Unlike traditional chlorine-treated pools, natural pools are free from harsh chemicals, making the swim more comfortable for people with sensitive skin or respiratory issues. You won’t experience red-eyed irritation or dry, chlorine-heavy hair.
Eco-Friendly and Biodiversity-Friendly
Natural pools reduce water waste (once filled, they only require minimal top-offs due to evaporation), and they can support local biodiversity by acting as urban habitats for insects, frogs, and birds.
Lower Long-Term Maintenance Costs
While the initial investment might be higher compared to a traditional pool, the cost of maintenance over time is generally lower. There’s no need to buy chemicals or perform frequent cleanings. The biological system largely regulates itself, especially once it matures.
Energy Efficiency
Modern systems can run on low-energy pumps and even solar power, significantly lowering energy consumption and emissions.
Enhanced Aesthetic Appeal
Natural pools provide an unparalleled aesthetic, blending into a garden or landscape beautifully. Unlike traditional pools, which can look stark and artificial, natural pools often feel like a hidden oasis.
Comparison Table of Maintenance Needs
| Feature | Traditional Pool | Natural Swimming Pool |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Use | High | None |
| Water Usage (Annual) | High | Low |
| Maintenance Effort | High | Moderate (Low after initial establishment) |
| Natural Integration | Minimal | High |
| Wildlife Benefits | Negligible | Significant |
Installation and Design Considerations
Designing and building a natural swimming pool requires expertise and thoughtful planning. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect when you consider setting one up:
Site Assessment
Before construction begins, it’s crucial to assess the site for:
- Available space
- Sun exposure
- Soil type
- Water table levels
- Proximity to trees and roots
A sunny position is ideal because it helps keep the regeneration zone thriving. Trees should not be immediately adjacent as falling leaves can create additional debris.
Cost Considerations
Natural pools typically cost more upfront than traditional pools, with prices ranging from $50,000 to $150,000 depending on size, complexity, landscaping, and whether a modern or traditional design is chosen.
However, the higher initial investment is often offset by lower long-term maintenance and operational expenses.
Legal and Regulatory Requirements
Depending on your location, natural swimming pools may fall under different regulatory categories. You may need to:
- Consult with your local municipality
- Acquire permits for excavation and irrigation
- Address runoff and drainage considerations
Some areas may require specific setbacks from property lines or inspections to ensure that water systems don’t create standing hazards.
Customization Options
Natural pools can be modified to include:
- Stepping stones and beach entries
- Waterfalls or streams flowing into the regeneration zone
- Rocky or sandy coves for sun lounging
You can also enhance the natural feel by planting regional flora around the regeneration zone.
Caring for Your Natural Swimming Pool
While a natural swimming pool largely manages itself, a few key maintenance steps must be followed to keep your pool healthy and enjoyable:
Plant Management
As with any garden, seasonal changes affect plant growth. Regular pruning, weeding, and replanting may be required, particularly in the regeneration zone.
Water Level Monitoring
Natural pools experience evaporation and may require topping off during hotter seasons, especially in arid climates.
Periodic Cleaning
Though the biological system keeps the water clean, skimming the water’s surface and removing excess debris can prevent nutrient buildup that may upset the balance.
Seasonal Management
In colder climates, your pool will freeze in winter and will require winterization techniques, such as draining pumps, covering the pool, or introducing cold-tolerant plant species.
Natural Swimming Pools vs. Traditional: An Environmental Comparison
With growing concerns around sustainability, it’s no surprise that more people are considering alternatives to chlorine-fed pools. Here’s how the two compare in terms of environmental impact:
Chemical Usage
Traditional pools are heavily reliant on chlorine, cyanuric acid, and other synthetic chemicals that are:
- Type 3 irritants
- Potentially harmful to nearby ecosystems
- Associated with indoor air quality issues when used in enclosed areas
Natural pools eliminate this risk entirely by relying on natural purification methods.
Water Consumption
Conventional pools lose large amounts of water due to evaporation and must be occasionally drained for maintenance, leading to higher water use. Natural pools use less water and are better suited to water-conscious regions.
Energy Use
While both pools require some energy for filtration and circulation, natural pools can be designed to use low-energy pumps and integrate solar-powered systems far more easily.
Environmental Impact Metrics
| Metrics | Traditional Pool | Natural Pool |
|---|---|---|
| Yearly Chemical Use | High (50–100 lbs) | Zero |
| Yearly Water Consumption | ~12,000 gallons | ~4,000 gallons (evaporation) |
| Yearly Energy Usage | More than 5,000 kWh | Less than 2,000 kWh |
Are Natural Swimming Pools Right for You?
While natural pools offer incredible benefits, they may not be ideal for everyone. Here’s a quick checklist to determine if a natural swimming pool is suitable for your home:
- You value sustainability and green living.
- You enjoy gardening or are willing to maintain a water garden.
- You seek a unique aesthetic addition that blends with your property’s natural environment.
- You have a medium to large yard with adequate sun exposure.
- You have a preference or need for chemical-free water, perhaps due to personal sensitivities.
If most or all of these statements apply to you, a natural pool may be the perfect investment.
Conclusion: Embracing Pooling in the Natural Way
A natural swimming pool — often referred to as a natural pool or swimming pond — offers a sustainable, healthy, and beautiful alternative to conventional chlorine-filled designs. It harnesses the power of nature to provide clean, inviting water without the need for artificial chemicals, making it an ideal choice for eco-conscious families and nature lovers.
Whether you’re building your dream home or seeking a backyard upgrade, exploring natural swimming pool options can open up a world of environmental harmony and personal well-being. As awareness and expertise in natural pool design continue to grow, more people will be able to enjoy safe, chemical-free swimming in a setting that looks like it was carved by nature itself.
If you’re curious about transforming your outdoor space with an eco-friendly swimming solution, hiring a professional with natural pool design and installation experience is your next best step.
What is a natural swimming pool called?
A natural swimming pool is commonly referred to by several names, including natural pool, natural swimming pond, or eco-pool. Unlike traditional chlorine-treated swimming pools, these pools rely on natural processes to keep the water clean and clear. They typically integrate elements of the surrounding ecosystem, such as plants and sometimes fish, to maintain water quality in a sustainable way.
These pools are designed to mimic a natural body of water like a lake or pond, and they often blend seamlessly into the landscape. The concept has gained popularity in recent years as more people seek environmentally friendly alternatives to conventionally treated pools. The appeal lies in the absence of harsh chemicals, the support of biodiversity, and the aesthetic beauty that resembles a living ecosystem rather than a man-made structure.
How does a natural swimming pool work?
Natural swimming pools operate through a balanced ecosystem that filters water using aquatic plants, gravel, and sometimes microorganisms. The pool is typically divided into two zones: a swimming area and a regeneration zone where aquatic plants naturally filter the water by absorbing nutrients and preventing algae growth. Water circulates between these zones, allowing biological filtration to occur without the use of chemicals.
The system relies heavily on a well-designed balance of plants, sunlight exposure, and water flow to maintain clarity and quality. Some natural pools also use mechanical filters and UV sanitizers to support the biological system, though these are minimized to preserve the pool’s natural character. The end result is a clean, safe place for swimming that supports local wildlife and integrates naturally into the environment.
Are natural swimming pools safe for swimming?
Yes, natural swimming pools are safe for swimming, provided they are properly designed, maintained, and monitored. The water is maintained through natural filtration and biological balance rather than chemicals, which effectively removes pathogens and harmful bacteria. Regular maintenance, including monitoring water quality and managing aquatic plants, ensures that the pool remains hygienic for swimmers.
Studies and health inspections in Europe, where natural pools are more common, have shown that they meet or exceed the same health and safety standards as traditional pools. Swimmers should, however, follow good hygiene practices such as showering before entering the pool and keeping the area free of contaminants. In well-managed natural pools, the water is clear, odorless, and safe for all age groups.
What are the benefits of having a natural swimming pool?
One of the biggest benefits of a natural swimming pool is its environmental sustainability. Unlike traditional pools, natural pools do not require chemicals like chlorine or bromine for water treatment, reducing the ecological footprint and minimizing exposure to irritants. Additionally, they support local biodiversity by offering a habitat for insects, birds, and frogs, enhancing the ecosystem of the surrounding area.
Natural swimming pools also offer aesthetic and therapeutic advantages. Their integration into the landscape creates a visually appealing and tranquil outdoor environment that can blend into gardens or natural terrains. These pools often require less maintenance in the long term and can reduce both water and energy consumption with thoughtful design. For people looking to connect with nature while swimming, natural pools offer a unique and eco-conscious experience.
How much does it cost to build and maintain a natural swimming pool?
The cost of building a natural swimming pool varies depending on size, location, and design complexity. On average, it can range from $30,000 to $100,000 or more, which is often higher than the cost of building a traditional chlorine pool. This is due to the intricate engineering needed for the biological filtration system, landscaping, and the careful balance of plants and water features. However, costs can be offset by lower chemical and water treatment expenses over time.
Maintenance costs for natural pools can be comparable to or slightly lower than traditional pools when properly designed. There’s no need to buy chlorine or other chemicals regularly. Instead, maintenance involves tending to the aquatic plants, ensuring proper water circulation, and occasional cleaning of mechanical filters if used. A well-planned natural pool will require less intervention once the ecosystem is fully established, making it a sustainable and cost-effective option in the long run.
Can a natural swimming pool be installed in a cold climate?
Yes, natural swimming pools can be installed in colder climates, but they require specific design considerations to ensure they function properly during and after the winter season. The pool must be built with sufficient depth to prevent freezing all the way to the bottom, typically around 2 to 3 meters. Proper winter preparation includes cutting back vegetation, removing sensitive plants, and ensuring the filtration system is prepared for the temperature drop.
In regions with heavy frost or long winters, additional insulation techniques or pond heaters can help protect the regeneration zone and aquatic life. While the pool may be non-operational during freezing months, many natural pool owners in cold climates report successful installations and seasonal use. With careful planning and the right expertise, a natural swimming pool is viable across a wide range of climatic conditions.
How does a natural pool differ from a swimming pond or a backyard pond?
A natural pool is specifically designed for swimming and typically features a dedicated regeneration zone that helps keep the swimming area clean through natural filtration. In contrast, a backyard pond may not be designed for swimming and may lack the water circulation and filtration necessary for safe and clear water. Swimming ponds often share similarities with natural pools but may integrate recreational areas less formally.
The key distinction lies in the primary function and system design. A natural swimming pool is engineered to meet hygiene standards without chemicals, while backyard ponds are often ornamental and may not be intended for contact with humans. Swimming ponds sometimes evolve into natural pools if they incorporate filtration zones and are maintained for recreational swimming. Both options can be eco-friendly, but a natural pool adheres to stricter design standards to ensure water clarity and swimmer safety.