Salt water pools have become increasingly popular over the past decade, with many homeowners and pool enthusiasts opting for this alternative to traditional chlorine pools. While both systems exist to keep recreational water clean and safe, the effects they have on the human body can vary significantly. In this article, we’ll explore what salt water pools do to your body, highlighting the differences between salt and chlorine, the dermatological effects, benefits and potential drawbacks, and who might benefit most from this type of pool environment.
Understanding Salt Water Pools: How They Work
Before diving into the physiological effects, it’s important to understand how salt water pools function. Contrary to popular belief, salt water pools still rely on chlorine to sanitize the water. However, instead of manually adding chlorine, salt chlorination systems convert dissolved salt into chlorine through electrolysis—a chemical process that uses electricity.
Here’s a quick overview of how the system works:
- Salt is added to the pool water at a low concentration (typically about 3,000 to 6,000 parts per million).
- When the water passes through the salt chlorinator (cell), salt (NaCl) is broken down into chlorine and sodium hydroxide.
- This chlorine then sanitizes the pool water by killing bacteria, algae, and other pathogens.
The result is a pool that contains chlorine, but at generally lower and more stable levels compared to manually chlorinated pools. This subtle difference plays a big role in how salt water pools impact our bodies.
Dermatological Effects of Salt Water Pools on the Skin
Softer Water and Its Impact on Skin Sensation
One of the most noticeable sensations when entering a salt water pool is the softness of the water. This is because salt water has a different texture and density compared to chlorine-laden water. Many swimmers report that salt water feels gentler on the skin, particularly for individuals with sensitive skin.
The lower chlorine concentration in salt water pools—though still present—tends to reduce the harsh effects of traditional chlorine, such as skin dryness, irritation, and itchiness. In fact, salt water can even act as a mild exfoliant, promoting cell turnover and leaving the skin smoother.
Salt Water and Eczema or Psoriasis
For individuals with chronic skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, time in the water can be a double-edged sword. Traditional chlorinated pools may irritate the skin and exacerbate symptoms. Meanwhile, some anecdotal evidence and early research suggest that salt water can provide therapeutic effects for certain skin conditions.
Salt has natural anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. For example, dermatologists sometimes recommend salt baths for eczema sufferers due to their ability to help reduce skin inflammation and infection risk. However, it’s important to note that pool water is not the same as ocean water. The salt concentration in pools is significantly lower than that of the sea (which averages around 35,000 ppm), so the therapeutic effects may be less pronounced—but still beneficial for mild eczema or other irritation-prone skin.
Eye, Nose, and Throat Reactions
Reduced Irritation Compared to Chlorine Pools
If you’ve ever gone swimming and experienced stinging eyes, a runny nose, or a tickling throat after exiting, there’s a good chance it was caused by the chlorine in the water. Chloramines, which are chemical compounds formed when chlorine mixes with contaminants such as sweat and urine, are largely responsible for these symptoms.
Because salt water pools generate chlorine gradually through electrolysis and better stability mechanisms, they tend to reduce the formation of chloramines. This results in fewer irritants in the water and air, making for a more comfortable swimming experience. For children, athletes, and anyone with allergies or sensitivities, this is a significant advantage.
Precautions for Swimmers with Sensitivities
While salt water pools generally cause less irritation, they are not entirely free of chemicals. There are still chlorine byproducts present, and in pools that are poorly maintained, chemical imbalances can exist. That means that swimmers with asthma, dry eyes, or chronic allergic rhinitis still need to be cautious.
The use of swim goggles or a nose clip can help minimize direct exposure, and rinsing off after swimming may prevent longer-term irritation. Salt water may also cause dryness if swimmers remain in the water for extended periods, so moisturizing after swimming is still recommended.
Impact on Hair and Scalp
Chlorine vs. Salt: Which Is More Damaging?
Traditional chlorine pools are notorious for drying out hair, stripping natural oils, and sometimes causing color-treated hair to fade or greenish discoloration. Salt water, while not as harsh, can still play a role in hair texture and condition after prolonged exposure.
Key Differences for Hair Health:
- Chlorinated pools have higher pH and chlorine levels, which are more likely to dry and weaken hair.
- Salt water pools have lower chlorine content, meaning less intense chemical exposure for swimmers’ hair. However, the salt in the water can still have a dehydrating effect.
To mitigate hair damage from swimming in salt water pools, using a swim cap or rinsing hair with fresh water before and after exposure can be beneficial. Applying a pre-swim conditioner or coconut oil prior to swimming is also recommended to protect hair shafts from exposure to drying agents.
Scalp Health Considerations
People who have oily scalps or skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis may actually benefit from occasional exposure to salt water, as the mild exfoliating qualities can help reduce flakiness and dandruff. However, prolonged and frequent exposure without proper hair care can lead to dryness and scalp irritation.
Using a mild sulfate-free shampoo and a hydrating conditioner can help counteract these effects and maintain optimal scalp health for regular swimmers.
Respiratory and Cardiovascular Considerations
Breathing Easier in a Salt Water Pool
Open-aire or indoor salt water pools generally produce less chlorine gas than their traditional chlorine counterparts. In an enclosed space like an indoor pool area, chlorine vapor buildup can irritate the respiratory tracts of swimmers, lifeguards, and spectators.
With salt water pools generating chlorine at a lower and more consistent rate, the air quality around the pool tends to be better, leading to fewer complaints of breathing discomfort. For individuals with mild asthma or bronchial sensitivity, this can make a noticeable difference when swimming regularly.
Improved Circulation and Muscle Recovery
The slight salinity of the water improves buoyancy, which can reduce pressure on joints and muscles. While not as high as ocean salinity, salt water pool water still offers some benefits in terms of post-exercise recovery.
Swimming in salt water pools is often preferred by athletes and physically active individuals seeking hydrotherapy-based recovery, as the natural buoyancy and gentle electrolytes promote muscle relaxation and improved blood flow.
Some health professionals refer to salt water as “therapeutic,” though the actual physiological changes are subtle and may vary depending on exposure time and personal sensitivity.
Comparing Salt Water With Ocean Water: Health Implications
Similarities and Differences
While salt water pools and ocean water share a similar composition (mostly sodium chloride), the concentrations differ dramatically. Salt water pools typically operate at around 0.4% salinity, compared to the ocean’s 3.5%. This makes pool water much less harsh on the body.
However, ocean water offers a unique set of benefits, including natural minerals like magnesium and potassium, which may provide additional skin and muscle benefits. But unlike pool water, ocean water cannot be regulated for cleanliness or safety—making it a poor substitute for sanitization standards required in public or private pools.
The Psychological Benefits of “Sea-Like” Water
Even though pool water contains nowhere near the salinity or mineral diversity of seawater, the sensation of swimming in salt water may evoke psychological benefits—particularly for individuals who associate swimming in the ocean with relaxation and well-being.
The gentle feel of the water, the reduced chlorine odor (or absence of harsh chemical smells), and the absence of strong eye irritation may all contribute to an enhanced relaxation effect—making salt pools more appealing for leisure and mental wellness.
Potential Risks and Precautions
Salt Buildup and Equipment Corrosion
In addition to affecting the human body, unattended salt water can gradually corrode pool equipment, ladders, and metal fixtures. While this doesn’t affect swimmers directly, it’s a crucial consideration for pool owners to maintain overall water balance and avoid structural damage that could lead to accidents.
Effects on Swallowing Water
Young children and inexperienced swimmers may ingest small amounts of water while swimming. While salt water is generally not dangerous in small quantities, an excess intake can lead to dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. Encouraging users to avoid swallowing water and ensuring a safe, supervised area is necessary, especially for children under five.
Who Benefits Most From a Salt Water Pool?
People with Sensitive Skin or Allergies
As previously discussed, salt water pools are generally easier on the skin and eyes. Individuals with eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, or sensitive skin may find relief from the gentler water chemistry.
Athletes and Frequent Swimmers
The slightly improved buoyancy and lower chlorine levels give athletes more comfort during long swim sessions and can assist in recovery after strenuous workouts. Competitive swimmers also benefit from the reduced eye stinging and chemical exposure during training.
Families with Children
Parents often seek a more comfortable and safer pool experience for young children. Salt water pools offer reduced chemical irritation, minimized eye discomfort, and a less pungent environment—all of which make it ideal for families.
Conclusion
Salt water pools provide a gentler, more comfortable swimming experience by combining effective sanitation with reduced chemical intensity. From minimizing eye and skin irritation to potentially offering therapeutic skincare benefits, they present a compelling alternative to traditional chlorine pools. However, users should remain aware of potential risks like salt’s drying effects and the importance of proper hygiene and post-swim care.
Whether you’re an athlete, a person with sensitive skin, or simply looking for a more enjoyable swim environment, salt water pools may be an excellent choice—both for your health and overall enjoyment.
Additional Swimming and Wellness Tips
Here are a few final recommendations for maximizing the benefits of salt water swimming:
- Dry off with a clean towel after swimming to avoid residual salt buildup.
- Shower with a moisturizing body wash to restore skin’s oil balance.
- Hydrate well before and after swimming, especially in warm climates.
How does a salt water pool affect the skin?
Salt water pools use a salt chlorination system, which produces chlorine through electrolysis. While the chlorine levels are typically lower than in traditional pools, they can still cause mild irritation for individuals with sensitive skin. Chlorine can strip natural oils from the skin, leading to dryness or tightness, especially after prolonged exposure.
However, some people find that salt water pools are gentler on the skin compared to heavily chlorinated pools. The salinity, while not as high as the ocean, may offer mild exfoliation and can help soothe certain skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema in some cases. Showering after swimming and applying moisturizer can help minimize any dryness caused by the pool water.
Can a salt water pool impact your hair?
Exposure to salt water pool water can cause changes in hair texture and health, particularly for frequent swimmers. The salt and residual chlorine in the water can strip natural oils from the hair and scalp, potentially leading to dry, brittle strands and increased frizz. Over time, this may also contribute to faded hair color, especially for those who color or chemically treat their hair.
To protect your hair, it’s a good idea to wet it with fresh water before entering the pool and consider wearing a swim cap. After swimming, washing your hair with a clarifying shampoo followed by a moisturizing conditioner can help restore moisture and prevent long-term damage caused by the pool’s chemical environment.
Is it safe to swallow salt water pool water?
While salt water pool water is not intended for consumption, swallowing a small amount typically won’t cause significant harm. The water contains a low concentration of salt (usually around 0.4% to 0.6%), which is less salty than seawater but still noticeably briny. Ingesting a mouthful may cause mild stomach discomfort, nausea, or a temporary increase in thirst.
To minimize risk, especially for young children, swimmers should be mindful not to swallow the water. Those who frequently ingest pool water might experience ongoing digestive issues or an imbalance in electrolytes. If a large amount is ingested, it’s advisable to seek medical attention or contact a poison control center.
How does a salt water pool affect the eyes?
Many swimmers report that salt water pools are less irritating to the eyes than traditional chlorine pools. This is because the chlorine generated through the salt chlorine generator tends to be more stable and in lower concentrations. However, the water can still sting the eyes if it’s improperly balanced or if the swimmer opens their eyes underwater without goggles.
Prolonged exposure can lead to eye dryness, redness, or mild irritation. Wearing properly fitting swim goggles can help protect your eyes and reduce the discomfort. After swimming, rinsing your eyes with clean water or using lubricating eye drops can further alleviate any residual irritation.
Can a salt water pool cause respiratory issues?
Salt water pools generate chlorine gas during the electrolysis process, which can release chloramines into the air—just like traditional chlorinated pools. These compounds may cause respiratory irritation for some individuals, particularly those with asthma, allergies, or heightened sensitivity to chemicals.
This is more common in indoor pools where ventilation is limited. Symptoms may include coughing, wheezing, or a tightness in the chest. If you experience discomfort, ensure the pool area is well-ventilated and consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or are severe. Using nasal irrigation before and after swimming may also provide relief.
Does swimming in a salt water pool have health benefits?
Swimming in a salt water pool can provide several benefits similar to swimming in a regular pool, such as improved cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and stress relief. The lower chlorine levels may make it more comfortable for people with respiratory conditions or sensitive skin, encouraging more frequent use without irritation.
Additionally, the buoyancy of salt water can slightly reduce joint strain, making it more comfortable for those with arthritis or other mobility challenges. The sensation of floating in salt water—though not as pronounced as in the ocean—can also create a relaxing experience, which may contribute to a better overall sense of well-being.
How frequently should you clean your skin after swimming in a salt water pool?
To maintain skin health, it’s a good idea to shower immediately after swimming in a salt water pool. While these pools use less chlorine, they often produce more chloramines, which can adhere to the skin and lead to dryness or irritation over time. Rinsing with fresh water helps remove residual salt, chlorine, and other contaminants.
Following the shower with a moisturizer is also beneficial to restore the skin’s natural moisture barrier. For those who swim daily, using a gentle cleanser and a hydrating lotion may be especially important to prevent chronic dryness. Keeping your skin clean and moisturized post-swim ensures you enjoy the benefits of the pool without the negative side effects.