Maintaining a pristine lawn often hinges on the sharpness and accuracy of your mowing equipment. Among the various types of lawn mowers, the reel mower stands out for its ability to deliver a precise, scissor-like cut that promotes healthier grass growth. However, to achieve this level of performance, understanding the correct sharpening angle is paramount. This article delves into the intricacies of reel mower blade sharpening, providing you with the knowledge to keep your mower in top condition and your lawn looking its best.
Understanding Reel Mower Sharpening Angles
The angle at which you sharpen your reel mower blades directly impacts its cutting efficiency and overall performance. Unlike rotary mowers that rely on impact to cut grass, reel mowers use a shearing action, much like scissors, to slice the grass blades cleanly. This process involves the precise interaction between the reel blades and the bedknife.
Therefore, the sharpening angle must be accurate to ensure proper contact and a clean cut. The correct angle is not a one-size-fits-all answer; it depends on several factors, including the mower manufacturer’s specifications and the type of grass you are cutting.
The Importance of the Relief Angle
The relief angle is a crucial aspect of reel mower blade sharpening. It refers to the slight angle ground onto the back side of the blade, just behind the cutting edge. This angle prevents the entire back surface of the blade from rubbing against the bedknife, reducing friction and heat buildup.
Without a proper relief angle, the mower will require significantly more power to operate, leading to increased wear and tear and a less-than-ideal cut. The relief angle also helps to maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge for a longer period.
Determining the Ideal Sharpening Angle
While specific sharpening angles vary, a general range to consider is between 20 and 30 degrees. However, it is crucial to consult your reel mower’s manual for the manufacturer’s recommended angle. This is the best starting point for achieving optimal performance.
Different types of grass may also necessitate slight adjustments to the sharpening angle. For example, denser, thicker grasses might benefit from a slightly steeper angle to provide a more aggressive cut. Conversely, finer grasses might require a shallower angle to avoid tearing or shredding.
Tools and Equipment for Reel Mower Sharpening
Before embarking on the sharpening process, it is essential to gather the necessary tools and equipment. These tools will ensure accuracy, safety, and efficiency.
Essential Sharpening Tools
- Grinder: A bench grinder with a fine-grit grinding wheel is the most common tool used for sharpening reel mower blades.
- Angle Finder: An angle finder or protractor is crucial for accurately setting and maintaining the desired sharpening angle.
- Safety Glasses: Protecting your eyes from flying debris is paramount during the grinding process.
- Work Gloves: Gloves will provide a better grip and protect your hands from heat and sharp edges.
- Ear Protection: Grinding can be noisy, so ear protection is recommended.
- Sharpening Stone or Honing Steel: Used for honing the blade after grinding, to remove any burrs and refine the edge.
- Bedknife Grinding Jig (Optional): This jig will help to maintain accuracy when grinding the bedknife.
Understanding the Bedknife
The bedknife is the stationary blade that the reel blades shear against. Its condition is just as important as the reel blades for achieving a clean cut. The bedknife also needs to be sharpened and maintained at the correct angle, typically between 4 and 6 degrees.
It is also crucial to ensure that the bedknife is straight and free from any nicks or damage. A warped or damaged bedknife will prevent the reel mower from cutting effectively, regardless of how sharp the reel blades are.
The Reel Mower Sharpening Process: Step-by-Step
Sharpening a reel mower requires patience, precision, and attention to detail. Following these steps will help you achieve a professional-quality sharpening.
Step 1: Inspection and Preparation
Begin by thoroughly inspecting the reel blades and bedknife for any signs of damage, such as chips, cracks, or excessive wear. If significant damage is present, consider replacing the affected component.
Clean the blades and bedknife thoroughly to remove any dirt, grass clippings, or debris. This will provide a clearer view of the cutting edges and ensure a smoother grinding process.
Step 2: Setting the Sharpening Angle
Using your angle finder, set the desired sharpening angle on your grinder. Refer to your mower’s manual for the recommended angle. Ensure that the angle is consistent across all blades.
For the relief angle, a slight secondary angle can be ground onto the back of the blade. This can be done freehand, focusing on removing only a small amount of material.
Step 3: Grinding the Reel Blades
Carefully grind each reel blade, maintaining a consistent angle and pressure. Avoid applying excessive pressure, as this can overheat the blade and potentially damage the temper of the steel.
Make multiple light passes rather than trying to remove too much material in one go. This will help to prevent overheating and ensure a more uniform grind.
Step 4: Sharpening the Bedknife
Using a suitable grinding jig (optional), sharpen the bedknife to the recommended angle (typically 4-6 degrees). Ensure that the bedknife remains straight and free from any nicks or damage.
The bedknife should be ground evenly across its entire length to ensure consistent contact with the reel blades.
Step 5: Honing and Deburring
After grinding, use a sharpening stone or honing steel to remove any burrs from the cutting edges of both the reel blades and the bedknife. This will refine the edge and improve the mower’s cutting performance.
Run the sharpening stone along the back of the blades and bedknife to remove any remaining burrs.
Step 6: Reassembly and Adjustment
Carefully reassemble the reel mower, ensuring that all components are properly aligned and secured. Adjust the reel-to-bedknife contact to achieve the optimal cutting performance.
The reel blades should make light, consistent contact with the bedknife across its entire length. Adjust the mower’s settings as needed to achieve this.
Step 7: Testing and Fine-Tuning
Test the mower on a small patch of grass to evaluate its cutting performance. If the cut is uneven or the mower is struggling to cut cleanly, make further adjustments as needed.
It may take some experimentation to find the perfect settings for your mower and your specific grass type. Be patient and persistent, and you will eventually achieve a pristine, healthy lawn.
Tips for Maintaining Reel Mower Sharpness
Once you have sharpened your reel mower, taking steps to maintain its sharpness is crucial for long-term performance.
Regular Cleaning
Clean your reel mower after each use to remove grass clippings, dirt, and debris. This will prevent buildup that can dull the blades and hinder performance.
Proper Storage
Store your reel mower in a dry, protected location to prevent rust and corrosion.
Avoid Obstacles
Be mindful of obstacles such as rocks, roots, and debris that can damage the blades. Clear your lawn of these hazards before mowing.
Regular Inspections
Periodically inspect the blades and bedknife for signs of wear or damage. Address any issues promptly to prevent them from escalating.
Backlapping
Consider backlapping your reel mower periodically to maintain its sharpness between full sharpenings. Backlapping involves using a special compound to rotate the reel blades in reverse, honing the cutting edges.
Knowing When to Seek Professional Help
While sharpening a reel mower is a manageable task for many homeowners, there are situations where seeking professional help is advisable.
Extensive Damage
If your reel mower blades or bedknife are severely damaged, such as bent, cracked, or excessively worn, it is best to consult a professional. Attempting to repair or sharpen severely damaged components can be dangerous and may not yield satisfactory results.
Lack of Experience
If you are not comfortable using a grinder or lack experience with reel mower maintenance, it is best to leave the sharpening to a professional. Improper sharpening can damage the blades and compromise the mower’s performance.
Specialized Equipment
Some reel mowers, particularly those used for golf courses or other high-end applications, may require specialized sharpening equipment and techniques. In these cases, seeking professional help is essential to ensure optimal results.
Maintaining a sharp reel mower is essential for achieving a healthy and aesthetically pleasing lawn. By understanding the correct sharpening angle, using the right tools, and following proper techniques, you can keep your mower in top condition and enjoy a beautifully manicured lawn for years to come. Remember to consult your mower’s manual and seek professional help when needed to ensure the best possible results.
What is the standard bedknife angle for reel mowers?
The standard bedknife angle for most reel mowers typically ranges from 4 to 10 degrees. This angle is crucial for creating the shearing action that cuts the grass cleanly. A sharper angle, closer to 4 degrees, may provide a finer cut but can wear down quicker. Conversely, a steeper angle, near 10 degrees, offers more durability but may not cut as cleanly, especially with thicker grass types.
It’s essential to consult your reel mower’s manufacturer specifications for the precise recommended bedknife angle. Deviating significantly from the suggested angle can negatively impact cutting performance, leading to torn grass, excessive wear and tear on the blades, and overall reduced efficiency of your mower. Always prioritize the manufacturer’s guidelines for optimal results and longevity of your equipment.
Why is the reel blade angle important?
The reel blade angle is critically important because it directly influences the quality of the cut and the overall health of your lawn. A properly sharpened reel blade, with the correct angle, creates a precise shearing action against the bedknife. This clean cut minimizes stress on the grass blades, promoting healthy growth and reducing the risk of disease and browning. An incorrect angle, on the other hand, can lead to tearing and shredding of the grass, which weakens the plants and makes them more susceptible to problems.
Furthermore, the reel blade angle impacts the longevity and efficiency of your reel mower. If the angle is too steep or too shallow, the blades may wear down unevenly or require more power to operate. Maintaining the correct angle ensures that the blades work in harmony with the bedknife, resulting in a smooth and efficient cutting experience. This minimizes strain on the motor or engine and extends the life of your mower’s components.
How do I determine the correct sharpening angle for my reel mower?
The most reliable method for determining the correct sharpening angle for your reel mower is to consult the owner’s manual. The manufacturer typically provides specific recommendations for the ideal angle, taking into account the design of the mower and the type of grass it’s intended to cut. This information is often presented in the form of a diagram or table illustrating the proper angle for both the reel blades and the bedknife.
If you no longer have access to the owner’s manual, you can often find it online through the manufacturer’s website. Alternatively, you can contact the manufacturer directly or consult with a qualified reel mower technician. They can provide expert advice based on the specific model of your mower. Remember that using the correct sharpening angle is essential for achieving optimal cutting performance and extending the lifespan of your equipment.
Can I use a general-purpose sharpening tool for my reel mower?
While general-purpose sharpening tools might seem like a convenient option, they are generally not recommended for sharpening reel mowers. Reel mower blades require a very precise and consistent angle to ensure proper cutting action. General-purpose tools often lack the precision and control needed to achieve this, potentially leading to uneven sharpening and compromised performance. This can result in tearing the grass instead of cleanly cutting it.
Instead, it’s best to invest in tools specifically designed for sharpening reel mower blades. These tools, such as backlapping kits or specialized grinding equipment, provide the necessary accuracy and control to maintain the correct angle and ensure a smooth, even finish. Using the right tools will not only improve the quality of the cut but also prolong the life of your reel mower blades and bedknife. Remember to always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using any sharpening tool.
What are the signs that my reel mower blades need sharpening?
Several telltale signs indicate that your reel mower blades need sharpening. One of the most obvious is a ragged or uneven cut. Instead of cleanly shearing the grass, dull blades will tear and shred it, leaving behind a brown, frayed appearance. You might also notice that the mower struggles to cut through thicker patches of grass or that it requires more passes to achieve the desired height.
Another sign is an increase in the amount of effort required to push or operate the mower. Dull blades create more resistance, making it harder to maneuver. Additionally, a visual inspection of the blades may reveal obvious damage, such as nicks, dents, or a rounded edge. If you observe any of these symptoms, it’s time to sharpen your reel mower blades to restore optimal cutting performance and maintain a healthy lawn.
What is backlapping and how does it relate to sharpening angle?
Backlapping is a common maintenance procedure for reel mowers that involves using an abrasive compound to rotate the reel blades against the bedknife in reverse. This process helps to sharpen the blades by gently grinding them against the bedknife, restoring the cutting edge. Backlapping is particularly effective for maintaining a consistent sharpening angle because it essentially mimics the normal cutting action of the mower, but in reverse.
While backlapping sharpens the blades, it doesn’t fundamentally change the existing sharpening angle. Its primary purpose is to maintain and refine the established angle. If the initial sharpening angle is incorrect, backlapping alone won’t correct the issue. It’s crucial to ensure the blades are properly sharpened to the correct angle before relying on backlapping for routine maintenance. Backlapping is best used as a preventative measure to extend the life of a properly sharpened reel mower.
How often should I sharpen my reel mower blades?
The frequency of reel mower blade sharpening depends on several factors, including the type of grass you’re cutting, the size of your lawn, and how often you mow. As a general guideline, sharpening is typically recommended at least once per season, or after approximately 25 to 50 hours of use. However, if you notice a decline in cutting performance, such as torn or frayed grass, it’s time to sharpen the blades regardless of how recently they were sharpened.
Heavy use, cutting through thick or abrasive grass, and encountering debris like rocks or sticks can accelerate blade wear and necessitate more frequent sharpening. Regular backlapping, as described earlier, can help extend the time between full sharpening sessions. Ultimately, the key is to monitor the quality of your lawn’s cut and sharpen the blades whenever they begin to show signs of dullness. Consistent maintenance ensures a healthy lawn and prolongs the life of your reel mower.