Maintaining a swimming pool can be both rewarding and challenging. One of the most common dilemmas pool owners face is whether to cover their pool regularly or leave it exposed. The decision might seem trivial, but in reality, it can significantly impact the pool’s cleanliness, energy costs, safety, and longevity. In this comprehensive article, we’ll explore the pros and cons of covering your pool and help you determine if it’s better to use a pool cover or not, depending on your specific situation.
Why Pool Cover Usage Matters
A pool cover is more than just a protective layer over your pool—it’s an essential accessory that can enhance performance and reduce long-term maintenance hassles. Whether you’re an owner of an in-ground or above-ground pool, understanding when and how to use a pool cover can add value to your investment.
At its core, a pool cover serves four primary functions:
- Insulation and heat retention
- Debris control and water conservation
- Chemical efficiency improvement
- Safety enhancement
The best cover for your pool will depend on your climate, pool usage frequency, and budget. Let’s dive deeper into the benefits of covering your pool before we examine the counterarguments.
Key Benefits of Covering Your Pool
1. Energy Efficiency and Heat Retention
One of the most compelling reasons to use a pool cover is for energy conservation. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, pool covers—particularly solar covers—are among the most effective solutions for reducing heat loss and evaporation. On average, approximately 70% of a pool’s heat loss occurs through evaporation.
Using a solar cover can raise your water temperature by up to 15 degrees over several days simply by trapping solar heat. This not only makes the pool more comfortable to swim in but can also reduce the need for artificial heating systems, lowering your energy bills significantly.
2. Water Conservation
Covering your pool drastically reduces water evaporation. Some studies report that an uncovered pool can lose nearly a quarter-inch of water per day. Over the course of a summer, this can add up to thousands of gallons of water lost unnecessarily.
Using a high-quality cover can reduce water evaporation by as much as 95%. This is especially important in drought-prone regions where water conservation is critical—and expensive.
3. Chemical Efficiency
Chemicals such as chlorine and algaecide are crucial for maintaining clean and balanced pool water. However, when your pool is left open, contaminants like dust, leaves, pollen, and other debris can enter the water, increasing the demand for chemical treatments.
By covering the pool when it’s not in use, you can significantly reduce the accumulation of these pollutants, thereby decreasing the amount of chemicals needed. This not only saves money but also extends the time between necessary chemical adjustments and shock treatments.
4. Debris Control and Cleaning Cost Reduction
Debris is one of a pool owner’s biggest headaches. Leaves, dirt, pollen, bugs, and even bird droppings can quickly degrade water quality and clog your filtration system. Frequent cleaning not only means more manual labor but can also mean more frequent equipment repairs.
Using a tarp-style or mesh safety cover can effectively keep out most large particles. This greatly reduces the workload on your pool’s filter and decreases the time needed for regular cleanups. For households with trees surrounding the property, a solid pool cover can be a lifesaver.
5. Improved Safety
Safety is a major concern, especially for pools located in households with small children or pets. While covers shouldn’t be solely relied upon for protection, certain reinforced safety covers—like automatic or winter-grade covers—can bear the weight of an adult and serve as an essential layer of precaution.
The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals (APSP) recommends safety covers that meet ASTM F1346 standards for those concerned about accidental falls into the pool.
When Covering Your Pool Might Not Be Ideal
Despite the clear benefits, covering a pool is not always the best option in every scenario. There are certain drawbacks and unique environmental factors that may affect your decision.
1. Potential for Mold and Algae Growth
Leaving a pool continuously covered without proper circulation can create a stagnant environment under the cover. Over time, this can promote the growth of algae and mold, especially in warm, humid climates. This problem is more pronounced with solid covers compared to mesh ones, which allow some moisture to pass through.
It’s important to:
- Remove and dry covers periodically
- Use chemical dispensers even under the cover
- Pre-treat the water to discourage biological growth
2. Covering Can Be Labor Intensive
Covers can be bulky, difficult to install, and even potentially hazardous if handled improperly. Manual solid covers might require two or more people for proper application, especially over large in-ground pools.
Additionally, improper installation might cause wrinkles or sagging that traps water on top, increasing the weight and making it harder to remove later. For those with limited mobility or physical strain concerns, this can pose significant inconvenience.
3. Cost and Space Considerations
A premium solar or safety cover can be a considerable investment. The price varies based on pool size and material quality, but an automatic cover system can cost thousands of dollars, including installation. Similarly, a heavy-duty winter cover for year-round use might not be necessary for all climates.
Moreover, covers need to be stored correctly when not in use. If space is limited in your backyard or utility room, managing the roll or folded fabric can be an issue.
4. Climate-Specific Dilemmas
Pool covers may be more beneficial in certain regions than others. For instance:
| Region | Recommended Type of Cover | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Hot and sunny climates (e.g., Arizona, Florida) | Solar blanket | Retains heat without overcooling |
| Cold, winter-prone climates (e.g., Midwest, Northeast) | Solid safety cover or winter cover | Protects against freezing, debris, and animal intrusion |
| Moderate climate with seasonal use (e.g., Northern California) | Mesh or light-weight thermal blanket | Flexible solution without over-insulating |
However, in tropical climates where pools are used year-round and rainfall is frequent, cover usage can become a chore rather than a benefit. High humidity and intense sun exposure may also speed up cover degradation, requiring frequent replacements.
Choosing the Right Pool Cover for Your Needs
There are multiple types of pool covers serving different functions. Choosing the right one depends entirely on your goals. Let’s go through each type and its main advantages:
1. Solar Pool Covers (Thermal Blankets)
These are clear or translucent plastic covers similar to bubble wrap. They are designed to capture sunlight and warm the water underneath.
Best Use: Summer pools where retaining solar heat and reducing evaporation is beneficial.
2. Solid Safety Covers
Solid covers are made of ultra-durable materials like woven polyethylene or vinyl, often anchored with stainless steel hardware around the pool perimeter. Many are ASTM-certified for safety performance.
Best Use: Winter storage or in homes with safety concerns around pools.
3. Mesh Safety Covers
Unlike solid covers, mesh covers allow rainwater and small debris through while blocking large objects. They’re light and air-permeable but still strong enough to withstand weight.
Best Use: Year-round covered use in areas with frequent rainfall or snow.
4. Automatic Pool Covers
Installed with a motorized roller, these are ideal for frequent swimmers or those who desire convenience. They are the most expensive but also offer maximum heat retention and safety.
Best Use: High-traffic pools near homes with children or frequent entertaining.
5. Tarp Covers
Typically made from PVC vinyl, tarp covers are manually placed over the pool. While cost-effective, they offer less insulation and can tear or stretch if not properly anchored.
Best Use: Budget-conscious buyers needing a short-term solution.
Understanding How to Use Pool Covers Correctly
A pool cover is only effective if it’s used right. Misuse can lead to pool damage, inefficiency, or voided warranties.
1. Cover Installation Tips
Material Matters
Choose the right material for your cover based on your needs. Solar covers are perfect for keeping pools warmer; mesh covers suit high-precipitation zones, and solid covers work best for winter or safety purposes.
Proper Anchoring
Use water bags, anchors, or built-in cover reels to ensure the cover stays secure. Especially important during high-wind conditions, anchoring prevents your cover from being dislodged or blown away.
Fit and Overlap
Make sure the cover fits securely over the edge—leaving a 1-2 foot overhang helps in sealing tightly around the pool. An ill-fitting cover can become a tripping hazard or let debris in.
2. Cover Maintenance and Storage
Covers should be cleaned regularly to prevent dust buildup that can stain your pool walls. After removal, make sure the cover is dry before folding or rolling. Storing a wet cover can cause mildew and reduce its lifespan.
For solar covers specifically:
| Maintenance Tip | Frequency |
|---|---|
| Wipe dirt and chemicals off the surface | After every 2–3 days of pool use |
| Deep clean with mild detergent | Once a month during active use |
| Inspect for wear and tear | Before and after each season |
How Pool Covers Impact Maintenance Costs
A lesser-known aspect is how well-implemented pool covers influence long-term maintenance. The numbers don’t lie—pool owners who cover regularly report:
Up to 50% Lower Chemical Costs
As touched upon earlier, a covered pool is less prone to external contaminants, which means fewer oxidizers (like chlorine) are consumed, allowing for more stable pH levels.
Reduced Wear on Equipment
Reduced debris means less burden on your filtration system. In a study by the National Swimming Pool Foundation, filter run time was cut down by 20–25% in covered pools due to lowered debris content.
Less Time Spent on Cleaning
Many pool owners report cutting their weekly cleaning time by an hour or two just by maintaining regular pool cover use. If you value convenience and low-maintenance leisure, these hours add up over the summer season.
Automatic vs Manual Covers: A Cost-Benefit Comparison
While both cover types offer substantial advantages, the choice between automatic and manual depends heavily on your usage habits and financial capability.
| Feature | Automatic Cover | Manual Cover |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Cost | $2,500–$8,000 | $50–$400 |
| Opening/Closing Effort | Minimal (motorized) | Moderate to high (manual labor) |
| Safety Performance | Excellent | Good (depends on material) |
| Return on Investment | Long-term efficiency, energy savings, and safety | Immediate at lower cost but less durable benefit |
If you plan on using the pool multiple times a day or want the convenience of quick opening and closing, an automatic pool cover might be worth its high upfront cost.
Final Thoughts: Should You Cover Your Pool or Not?
So, is it better to cover your pool or not? The evidence overwhelmingly leans toward “yes”—but with caveats. Covering your pool improves heat retention, lowers chemical and water consumption, reduces cleaning time, and enhances safety. However, the decision isn’t one-size-fits-all.
Ask yourself the following questions before choosing:
- Do you live in an area with extreme weather (e.g., heavy sun, snow, or rain)?
- Do you or your family swim frequently enough that daily cover usage is practical?
- Are there small children or curious pets around the pool area?
- Can your budget accommodate either seasonal or automatic covers?
- Is there convenient space to store your pool cover when not in use?
In most scenarios, especially in hot or variable climates, pool covers offer tangible savings and performance improvements both in the short and long term. Even a basic thermal blanket can help offset a meaningful portion of heating costs over a season.
Ultimately, whether it’s better to cover your pool depends on your pool’s design, usage pattern, location, and personal preferences. But with strategic use, covering your pool can significantly enhance your swimming experience and investment longevity.
If you’re leaning toward incorporating a cover into your pool maintenance routine, start with a basic solar cover and gradually upgrade based on your experience and environmental factors. You’ll likely find that this small but significant step makes a huge difference in your pool’s overall efficiency and enjoyability.
What are the main benefits of using a pool cover?
Pool covers offer several advantages that can enhance the maintenance and usability of a swimming pool. One of the key benefits is the reduction of water evaporation, which helps conserve water and maintain chemical balance. Covers also prevent debris such as leaves, dirt, and insects from entering the pool, which reduces the workload on the filtration system and minimizes cleaning time. In addition, they enhance safety by providing a barrier that prevents accidental falls into the pool, especially important for homes with children or pets.
Another significant benefit is energy conservation. A pool cover helps retain heat in the water, reducing the need for additional heating systems and lowering energy costs. This is especially useful for pools that are used during cooler evenings or in colder climates. For those using solar heating, a cover can complement these systems by trapping the sun’s warmth in the pool water. Overall, the consistent use of a pool cover contributes to extended pool life and lower operational costs.
Are there any risks or downsides to using a pool cover?
While pool covers offer many advantages, there are some potential risks and downsides to consider. One primary concern is the risk of water accumulation on top of the cover if it is not properly designed or maintained. Excess water can lead to mold, algae growth, and even structural damage to the cover itself. Additionally, improperly secured covers can pose entrapment or tripping hazards, particularly if they sag or shift due to wind or heavy debris.
Another downside is the cost and maintenance involved. Quality pool covers, especially safety or thermal covers, can be expensive to purchase and install. They also require regular cleaning and proper storage when not in use to prolong their lifespan. Improper handling can cause wear and tear, decreasing their effectiveness over time. These factors should be weighed against the benefits when deciding if a pool cover is the right solution for a specific pool and situation.
What types of pool covers are available, and how do they differ?
There are several types of pool covers, each designed for specific purposes and conditions. The most common types include solid safety covers, mesh safety covers, solar covers, and winter covers. Solid safety covers are tightly woven and provide a continuous barrier, ideal for safety during the off-season. Mesh covers allow water to drain through and are lighter, making them easier to handle, but they offer less protection against small debris.
Solar covers, also known as thermal blankets, help retain heat and reduce evaporation, making them ideal for seasonal use and energy conservation. Winter covers are typically heavy-duty and designed to protect the pool during the cold months, offering durability against harsh weather conditions. Each type of cover serves different needs, so choosing the right one depends on factors like climate, the pool’s usage, and safety concerns. Understanding these variations can help pool owners make informed decisions based on their specific requirements.
How does using a pool cover impact chemical usage and water quality?
Using a pool cover can significantly affect the chemical balance and overall water quality of a swimming pool. By reducing exposure to sunlight and external contaminants, covers help stabilize chemical levels, particularly chlorine. This means fewer adjustments are needed to maintain proper sanitization. Additionally, with less debris entering the water, the filter can function more efficiently, ensuring cleaner water and reducing the need for extra chemicals to combat contamination.
However, in cases where the cover is left on for extended periods without proper ventilation, condensation and moisture buildup can lead to water stagnation and localised chemical imbalance. It’s important to periodically check water chemistry and ensure adequate circulation, even with a cover in place. Proper usage of a pool cover, in conjunction with regular maintenance routines, can lead to more consistent water quality and lower chemical expenses over time.
Can a pool cover help reduce heating costs?
Yes, a pool cover can be an effective tool for reducing heating costs. Thermal or solar covers act as insulators by limiting heat loss through evaporation, which is the primary source of energy loss in swimming pools. By trapping heat in the water, especially when exposed to sunlight, these covers help maintain a comfortable swimming temperature with less reliance on external heating systems.
This energy-saving benefit can lead to significant cost reductions over time, especially in pools that are frequently used or located in regions with cooler temperatures. Pools without covers can lose several degrees of heat overnight, requiring more energy to reheat the water. By using a thermal pool cover when the pool is not in use, owners can maximise the efficiency of their heating systems and enjoy a warmer swimming environment with less expense.
How important is a pool cover for safety purposes?
Pool covers are an essential safety feature, particularly in homes with children, pets, or frequent visitors. Safety covers, usually made from strong, durable materials, are designed to support weight and prevent accidental falls into the pool. This is especially critical during periods of non-use, such as overnight or during the off-season, when the uncovered pool poses a serious drowning risk.
Installation standards for safety covers must comply with certain regulations to ensure they are taut, free of sagging, and securely fastened around the pool perimeter. The presence of a safety cover also serves as a visual deterrent, signaling that the pool is not accessible. Homeowners should still use other safety measures, like fencing and alarms, but a properly installed pool cover significantly enhances overall pool safety by adding an additional layer of protection.
How often should a pool cover be replaced or maintained?
Regular maintenance is crucial to ensure that a pool cover remains effective and safe. It should be inspected periodically for signs of wear and tear such as fraying, sagging, or damage from UV exposure. Covers should also be cleaned regularly to remove debris, algae, or dirt that may accumulate over time. Proper storage when not in use is vital to avoid unnecessary deterioration and extend the cover’s lifespan.
The frequency of replacement depends on the cover type, how often it is used, and the environmental conditions it faces. On average, a high-quality safety cover can last about 5 to 10 years, while solar or thermal covers typically last 1 to 3 seasons due to exposure to sunlight and continual heating cycles. If a cover shows significant signs of damage or fails to perform its intended function, it should be replaced immediately to maintain pool efficiency, safety, and cleanliness.