Lawn chairs, especially vintage ones, often hold sentimental value. But years of sun, rain, and regular use can take their toll, causing the cane webbing to fray, break, and become generally unsightly. Instead of throwing out your cherished chair, why not breathe new life into it with a fresh recaning? This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process, from gathering your supplies to weaving a beautiful and durable new seat.
Understanding Cane and Recaning
Before diving into the process, it’s essential to understand the different types of cane and the basics of recaning. This knowledge will help you choose the right materials and techniques for your project.
What is Cane?
Cane, in the context of furniture, refers to the outer bark of the rattan palm. This bark is meticulously processed and sliced into thin strands, which are then woven together to create a durable and flexible surface. There are various types of cane used in furniture making, each with its own characteristics and applications.
Types of Cane Used in Lawn Chairs
The most common type of cane used for lawn chairs is “chair cane,” also known as “strand cane” or “lace cane.” This is the type we’ll focus on in this guide. It comes in various widths, typically ranging from 2.0mm to 3.0mm, and the size you need will depend on the chair’s design. Another type, less frequently used in modern lawn chairs, is “cane webbing,” which is pre-woven and inserted into a groove around the chair frame. While less common, it’s worth noting the distinction.
The Recaning Process: A Brief Overview
Recaning involves removing the old, damaged cane, preparing the chair frame, and then weaving new cane through pre-drilled holes in the frame. The process typically involves several stages:
- Preparation: Removing old cane, cleaning the frame, and gathering supplies.
- Horizontal Weaving: Weaving the first layer of cane horizontally across the chair frame.
- Vertical Weaving: Weaving the second layer of cane vertically, interlacing it with the horizontal strands.
- Diagonal Weaving (Optional): Adding diagonal strands for extra strength and a decorative touch.
- Binding: Securing the cane with binding cane and glue.
- Finishing: Trimming excess cane and applying a protective finish.
Gathering Your Supplies
Having the right tools and materials on hand is crucial for a successful recaning project. Here’s a comprehensive list:
- New Cane: Measure the width of the old cane (if possible) or refer to online guides to determine the appropriate size for your chair. Purchase enough cane to complete the project; it’s always better to have extra. Natural cane will need to be soaked in warm water prior to weaving.
- Binding Cane: This thicker cane is used to secure the woven cane to the frame. It typically comes in a matching color to the chair cane.
- Pegs or Awls: These are used to hold the cane in place while weaving and tightening. Wooden golf tees or specialized cane pegs work well.
- Needle-Nose Pliers: Helpful for gripping and manipulating the cane, especially in tight spaces.
- Sharp Knife or Scissors: For trimming excess cane.
- Wood Glue: For securing the binding cane and reinforcing joints.
- Sandpaper: For smoothing rough edges on the chair frame.
- Warm Water: For soaking the cane to make it pliable.
- Basin or Tub: Large enough to submerge the cane.
- Ruler or Measuring Tape: For accurate measurements.
- Clamps (Optional): To hold the frame steady during weaving.
- Protective Finish (Optional): Varnish or lacquer to protect the new cane.
- Stain (Optional): To match the cane color to the existing frame (if desired).
Preparing the Chair Frame
Before you can start weaving, you need to prepare the chair frame. This involves removing the old cane, cleaning the frame, and making any necessary repairs.
Removing the Old Cane
The first step is to carefully remove the old, damaged cane. Use a sharp knife or scissors to cut the cane strands near the holes in the frame. You might need pliers to pull out stubborn pieces. Be careful not to damage the frame during this process. A small screwdriver can also be helpful.
Cleaning and Repairing the Frame
Once the old cane is removed, thoroughly clean the chair frame with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Remove any dirt, dust, or debris. Inspect the frame for any damage, such as cracks, loose joints, or splinters.
- Repairing Cracks: Use wood glue to repair any cracks in the frame. Clamp the pieces together until the glue dries completely.
- Tightening Joints: If the joints are loose, apply wood glue and clamp them together. You may need to use new screws or dowels to reinforce the joints.
- Smoothing Rough Edges: Use sandpaper to smooth any rough edges or splinters on the frame, especially around the holes where the cane will be woven.
Preparing the Holes
Check the holes in the frame to ensure they are clear and free of debris. Use a small drill bit or awl to clear any obstructions. If the holes are too large, you may need to insert wooden dowels and re-drill them to the correct size.
The Weaving Process: Step-by-Step
Now comes the most intricate part: weaving the new cane. This section provides detailed instructions for each step of the process. Remember to work slowly and carefully, and don’t be afraid to take breaks when needed.
Soaking the Cane
Before weaving, soak the cane in warm water for at least 30 minutes. This will make it pliable and easier to work with, and will also help prevent it from cracking as it dries. Remove the cane from the water and pat it dry with a towel before beginning the weaving process.
Horizontal Weaving: The First Layer
Start by weaving the first layer of cane horizontally across the chair frame. Thread the end of the cane through one of the holes on one side of the frame, leaving a few inches of excess. Secure the end with a peg or awl.
- Weaving the First Row: Thread the cane across to the opposite side of the frame and through the corresponding hole. Pull the cane taut, but not too tight, as it will shrink slightly as it dries. Secure the end with another peg.
- Continuing the Horizontal Weave: Continue weaving back and forth, securing each strand with pegs to maintain tension. Make sure the strands are evenly spaced and parallel to each other. Overlap the cane ends slightly in the holes to prevent them from pulling out.
Vertical Weaving: Interlacing the Strands
Once the horizontal layer is complete, begin weaving the vertical layer. This layer will be interlaced with the horizontal strands, creating a woven pattern.
- Weaving the First Vertical Row: Thread the end of the cane through one of the holes at the front or back of the chair. Weave the cane over and under the horizontal strands, alternating the pattern with each row.
- Maintaining the Pattern: Continue weaving the vertical strands, ensuring that the over-under pattern is consistent. Use pegs to hold the strands in place and maintain tension.
Diagonal Weaving (Optional): Adding Strength and Style
For added strength and a decorative touch, you can add diagonal strands to the weave. This step is optional but can significantly enhance the chair’s durability and aesthetic appeal.
- Weaving the First Diagonal: Thread the cane through a hole at one corner of the chair. Weave the cane diagonally across the chair, interlacing it with the horizontal and vertical strands. Secure the end with a peg.
- Continuing the Diagonal Weave: Continue weaving diagonal strands in both directions, creating a diamond pattern. Ensure that the diagonal strands are evenly spaced and taut.
Troubleshooting Weaving Issues
As you weave, you may encounter some common issues. Here are some tips for troubleshooting:
- Loose Strands: If a strand becomes loose, use pliers to pull it tighter and secure it with a peg.
- Uneven Spacing: Adjust the spacing of the strands as you weave to ensure they are evenly distributed.
- Broken Cane: If a cane strand breaks, remove the broken piece and replace it with a new one, overlapping the ends in the holes.
- Tight Corners: Use needle-nose pliers to navigate tight corners and maintain tension on the cane.
Binding and Finishing
Once the weaving is complete, the final steps involve binding the cane to the frame and applying a protective finish.
Securing the Cane with Binding
Binding cane is used to cover the holes and secure the woven cane to the frame. This step gives the recaned chair a clean and professional look.
- Soaking the Binding Cane: Soak the binding cane in warm water for at least 30 minutes to make it pliable.
- Applying the Binding: Start at one corner of the chair. Apply a small amount of wood glue to the frame around the holes. Wrap the binding cane around the woven cane and the frame, covering the holes completely.
- Securing the Ends: Overlap the ends of the binding cane and secure them with wood glue. Use clamps to hold the binding in place until the glue dries.
Trimming Excess Cane
After the glue has dried, use a sharp knife or scissors to trim any excess cane from the edges of the chair. Be careful not to cut the binding cane.
Applying a Protective Finish (Optional)
To protect the new cane from moisture and wear, you can apply a protective finish such as varnish or lacquer. This step is optional but can significantly extend the life of your recaned chair.
- Preparing the Surface: Lightly sand the cane surface with fine-grit sandpaper to create a smooth surface for the finish.
- Applying the Finish: Apply the finish in thin, even coats, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Allow each coat to dry completely before applying the next.
- Multiple Coats: Apply two or three coats of finish for maximum protection.
Staining the Cane (Optional)
If you want to match the color of the cane to the existing frame, you can stain the cane before applying the protective finish. Use a stain that is compatible with rattan and apply it according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Always test the stain on a small, inconspicuous area first to ensure you like the color.
Caring for Your Recaned Lawn Chair
Proper care will help extend the life of your recaned lawn chair and keep it looking its best. Here are some tips:
- Protect from the Elements: When not in use, store your lawn chair in a covered area to protect it from rain, sun, and extreme temperatures.
- Regular Cleaning: Clean the cane regularly with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners.
- Avoid Excessive Moisture: Do not leave your lawn chair sitting in water for extended periods.
- Re-apply Finish: Periodically re-apply a protective finish to maintain the cane’s moisture resistance and prevent cracking.
Recaning a lawn chair is a rewarding project that can save you money and give your cherished furniture a new lease on life. By following these detailed instructions and taking your time, you can achieve professional-looking results and enjoy your beautifully recaned lawn chair for years to come. Remember to choose the right materials, prepare the frame carefully, and weave the cane with patience and precision. With a little effort and dedication, you can transform a worn-out chair into a stunning piece of outdoor furniture.
What type of cane should I use for recaning my lawn chair?
The best type of cane for recaning a lawn chair typically depends on the original material and the chair’s construction. For most standard lawn chairs, pre-woven cane webbing is a common and readily available choice. It comes in various widths and qualities, so measure the existing cane or the chair’s frame carefully to ensure a proper fit. This type is easy to install and provides a uniform, clean look.
However, if you’re aiming for a more traditional or high-end look, individual strands of cane, often referred to as binder cane and filler cane, might be a better option. These require more skill and time to weave by hand, but they offer greater flexibility in design and can be more durable. Research the original style of your chair before deciding on the cane type to ensure an authentic restoration.
How do I prepare the frame of the lawn chair before recaning?
Before beginning the recaning process, thoroughly inspect and clean the chair frame. Remove any remnants of the old cane, glue, or debris using a scraper, sandpaper, or a wire brush. Pay attention to any sharp edges or splinters that could damage the new cane and smooth them out.
Next, examine the frame for any structural damage, such as cracks or loose joints. Repair these issues before proceeding, using wood glue and clamps for wooden frames or welding for metal frames. This ensures the chair is stable and can withstand the tension of the new cane webbing.
What tools do I need for recaning a lawn chair?
Recaning a lawn chair requires a few essential tools for efficient and successful completion. You’ll need a pair of sharp scissors or a utility knife for cutting the cane webbing or individual strands. Also, a set of wood chisels or a scraper is useful for removing old cane and adhesive.
In addition to cutting and scraping tools, you will require a container for soaking the cane, which makes it pliable and easier to work with. You will need a mallet or hammer to secure the cane, as well as cane webbing installation tools like a caning needle, plastic or wooden wedges, and pliers to help you get the cane tightly woven. Lastly, it’s important to have safety glasses and work gloves to protect your eyes and hands.
How do I properly soak the cane before weaving?
Soaking the cane is a crucial step in the recaning process, making it pliable and preventing it from cracking during weaving. For pre-woven cane webbing, submerge it in lukewarm water for about 30-60 minutes, or until it becomes flexible but not soggy. Avoid using hot water, as it can damage the cane’s fibers.
For individual strands of cane, the soaking time may vary depending on their thickness. Thicker strands may require a longer soaking period, up to several hours. The goal is to make the cane supple enough to bend and weave without breaking. Periodically check the cane’s flexibility to avoid over-soaking, which can weaken it.
How do I achieve tight and even weaving when recaning?
Achieving tight and even weaving is key to a durable and aesthetically pleasing recaned lawn chair. As you weave, consistently pull the cane taut, using caning needles or pliers to maintain tension. This ensures the finished seat or back will be firm and supportive. Regularly check your work for any sagging or uneven spots and adjust the tension as needed.
To prevent the cane from slipping or becoming loose, consider using temporary wedges or clamps to hold it in place as you work. Overlap the cane properly at the frame’s edges to create a secure and attractive finish. Patience and attention to detail are essential for achieving a professional-looking result.
How do I finish the edges of the recaned lawn chair?
Finishing the edges of the recaned lawn chair is essential for both aesthetics and durability. Once the weaving is complete, trim any excess cane webbing or individual strands neatly and evenly along the frame. Leave enough material to tuck under the edge for a clean finish.
To secure the edges and conceal the raw ends, use a decorative binder cane or spline. This is typically glued into a groove around the perimeter of the frame, creating a smooth and finished edge. Alternatively, you can carefully tuck the cut ends of the cane under the existing weave, securing them with glue or small tacks for a more discreet finish.
How do I care for and maintain my recaned lawn chair?
Proper care and maintenance will significantly extend the lifespan of your recaned lawn chair. Avoid exposing the chair to prolonged periods of direct sunlight or extreme weather conditions, as these can cause the cane to dry out, crack, or fade. When not in use, store the chair in a covered area or indoors.
Regularly clean the cane with a damp cloth to remove dust and dirt. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners, as these can damage the natural fibers. If the cane becomes dry or brittle, lightly mist it with water to restore its moisture content. Periodically inspect the chair for any loose or damaged cane and make repairs promptly to prevent further deterioration.