The end of the mowing season is a bittersweet time. While you might relish the break from yard work, neglecting your lawn mower now can lead to headaches (and hefty repair bills) come spring. Properly storing your lawn mower for winter is crucial for ensuring it starts reliably and performs optimally when the grass starts growing again. This guide provides a detailed, step-by-step approach to winterizing your lawn mower, covering everything from fuel stabilization to battery care.
Preparing Your Lawn Mower for Hibernation
Before you even think about covering your mower and tucking it away, some essential preparation is in order. This involves cleaning, inspecting, and addressing any immediate maintenance needs. This initial prep work will save you time and frustration next spring.
Cleaning the Mower Deck
One of the most important steps is thoroughly cleaning the mower deck. Accumulated grass clippings, dirt, and debris can trap moisture, leading to rust and corrosion over the winter months.
Start by disconnecting the spark plug to prevent accidental starting. This is a non-negotiable safety precaution. Then, using a scraper or putty knife, remove any caked-on grass from the underside of the deck. A garden hose with a spray nozzle can be used to wash away loose debris. For stubborn buildup, consider using a dedicated mower deck cleaner. After washing, allow the deck to dry completely before proceeding.
Sharpening or Replacing the Blade
A dull mower blade tears grass instead of cutting it cleanly, leading to brown, unhealthy-looking lawns. Now is the perfect time to sharpen or replace the blade.
Inspect the blade for any signs of damage, such as cracks, bends, or excessive wear. If the blade is damaged, replace it with a new one. If it’s just dull, you can sharpen it yourself using a metal file or grinder, or you can take it to a professional sharpening service. Ensure the blade is properly balanced after sharpening to prevent excessive vibration.
Cleaning the Engine
A clean engine runs cooler and more efficiently. Use a brush and compressed air to remove any dirt, dust, or debris from the engine fins and other components. Be careful not to damage any wires or sensitive parts.
Fuel System Management: Stabilizing or Draining
Fuel left in the tank over winter can degrade, leading to gum and varnish deposits that clog the carburetor and fuel lines. You have two primary options: fuel stabilization or complete draining.
Fuel Stabilizer: A Preventive Measure
Adding a fuel stabilizer to the gasoline tank is a simple and effective way to prevent fuel degradation. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the correct dosage. Run the engine for a few minutes after adding the stabilizer to ensure it circulates throughout the fuel system. This is the easier of the two options, but might not be sufficient for mowers prone to fuel system issues.
Draining the Fuel System: The More Thorough Approach
Draining the fuel system is the more thorough approach and is recommended for mowers that have a history of carburetor problems.
Disconnect the fuel line from the carburetor and drain the fuel into an approved container. Dispose of the fuel properly according to local regulations. Start the engine and let it run until it stalls, ensuring that any remaining fuel in the carburetor is used up. Some mowers have a fuel shut-off valve; use this to stop the flow of fuel and then drain the carburetor bowl.
Oil Change and Spark Plug Maintenance
Changing the oil and checking the spark plug are essential maintenance tasks that should be performed before storing your lawn mower for the winter.
Changing the Oil
Old oil contains contaminants that can corrode engine parts over time. Changing the oil removes these contaminants and ensures the engine is properly lubricated.
Warm up the engine for a few minutes to make the oil flow more easily. Disconnect the spark plug wire. Locate the oil drain plug and place a drain pan underneath. Remove the drain plug and allow the oil to drain completely. Replace the drain plug and tighten it securely. Refill the engine with the correct type and amount of oil as specified in the owner’s manual.
Spark Plug Inspection and Cleaning
The spark plug is responsible for igniting the fuel-air mixture in the engine. A faulty spark plug can cause starting problems and poor engine performance.
Remove the spark plug and inspect it for any signs of damage, such as cracks, wear, or carbon buildup. Clean the spark plug with a wire brush or spark plug cleaner. Check the spark plug gap and adjust it if necessary according to the owner’s manual. If the spark plug is severely worn or damaged, replace it with a new one.
Battery Care for Electric Start Mowers
Electric start mowers rely on a battery to start the engine. Proper battery care is essential for ensuring the battery is ready to go in the spring.
Removing and Storing the Battery
Remove the battery from the mower and clean the terminals with a wire brush. Store the battery in a cool, dry place where it won’t be exposed to extreme temperatures.
Using a Battery Tender
A battery tender, also known as a trickle charger, is a device that slowly charges the battery over time, preventing it from losing its charge during storage. Connecting the battery to a battery tender will help maintain its charge and prolong its lifespan.
Protecting the Mower from the Elements
Once you’ve completed all the necessary maintenance tasks, it’s time to protect your mower from the elements.
Choosing the Right Storage Location
The ideal storage location is a dry, sheltered area such as a garage, shed, or basement. Avoid storing the mower outdoors, where it will be exposed to rain, snow, and extreme temperatures.
Covering the Mower
Covering the mower with a tarp or mower cover will help protect it from dust, dirt, and moisture. Ensure the cover is breathable to prevent condensation from building up underneath.
Addressing Specific Mower Types
While the general principles remain the same, certain lawn mower types might require specific considerations during winter storage.
Riding Mowers
Riding mowers, due to their size and complexity, may require additional steps. Disconnecting the battery is crucial. Check the tire pressure before storage, ensuring they are properly inflated to prevent flat spots. Consider lubricating all moving parts, such as the steering linkage and deck lift mechanism.
Robotic Mowers
Robotic mowers have unique charging systems and batteries. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for winter storage. Generally, this involves thoroughly cleaning the mower, storing it indoors, and either removing the battery or placing it in a specific storage mode that prevents damage from prolonged inactivity.
Reel Mowers
Reel mowers are less susceptible to fuel-related issues but still require cleaning and lubrication. Pay particular attention to cleaning the blades and lubricating the bearings to prevent rust and corrosion.
Pre-Season Inspection in Spring
When spring arrives, don’t just fire up your mower without a second thought. A pre-season inspection is essential to ensure everything is in working order.
Check the oil level, spark plug, and air filter. Reconnect the battery (if applicable) and charge it fully. Inspect the mower deck and blade for any signs of damage. Start the engine and listen for any unusual noises. If you encounter any problems, consult a qualified mechanic.
By following these steps, you can ensure your lawn mower is properly stored for winter and ready to tackle the mowing season next spring. Taking the time to winterize your mower will save you time, money, and frustration in the long run. Your lawn (and your wallet) will thank you.
Why is it important to properly store my lawn mower for the winter?
Proper winter storage is crucial for extending the life of your lawn mower and ensuring it starts reliably in the spring. Neglecting this can lead to issues like fuel degradation, carburetor problems, rust formation, and battery drain (for electric mowers). These problems can result in costly repairs or even the need to replace your mower prematurely.
By taking the time to properly prepare your mower for storage, you’ll protect its internal components from the harsh winter conditions. This includes stabilizing the fuel, cleaning the engine, and storing it in a dry, protected environment. A little effort in the fall can save you a lot of headaches and expense come springtime.
What type of fuel stabilizer should I use and how do I use it?
Choose a fuel stabilizer specifically designed for small engines. These stabilizers contain additives that prevent fuel degradation, gum formation, and varnish buildup. Look for stabilizers that mention ethanol protection, especially if you use fuel containing ethanol. Popular and effective brands include STA-BIL and Sea Foam.
To use it, follow the instructions on the stabilizer bottle. Typically, you’ll add the recommended amount of stabilizer to your mower’s fuel tank. Then, run the engine for a few minutes to ensure the stabilized fuel circulates throughout the fuel system, including the carburetor. This ensures the fuel in the carburetor is also stabilized, preventing it from gumming up during storage.
Should I drain the fuel tank completely instead of using a fuel stabilizer?
While draining the fuel tank was a common practice in the past, it’s generally not recommended with modern fuels, especially those containing ethanol. Ethanol can attract moisture, which can lead to rust and corrosion in the fuel tank and carburetor. Draining the tank completely can leave these components vulnerable to these issues.
Using a fuel stabilizer is the preferred method. The stabilizer prevents the fuel from degrading and forming harmful deposits, while also protecting the fuel system from moisture. If you do choose to drain the tank, ensure you run the engine until it stalls to remove any remaining fuel from the carburetor.
How do I properly clean my lawn mower before storing it?
Cleaning your lawn mower before storage is essential for preventing rust and corrosion. Start by disconnecting the spark plug wire to prevent accidental starting. Then, use a scraper or putty knife to remove any grass clippings or debris from the underside of the deck. A garden hose can be used to wash away remaining dirt, but avoid spraying water directly into the engine.
Once the deck is clean, wipe down the engine and other exterior surfaces with a damp cloth. Inspect the blades for damage and sharpen or replace them if necessary. Finally, lubricate any moving parts, such as the wheel axles and control cables, with a light oil or grease to prevent them from seizing up during the winter.
Where is the best place to store my lawn mower?
The ideal storage location for your lawn mower is a dry, protected environment such as a garage, shed, or basement. This will shield it from the elements, including rain, snow, and extreme temperature fluctuations. Avoid storing your mower outdoors, even if covered, as this can expose it to moisture and corrosion.
If storing your mower in a shed or garage, ensure it’s placed on a level surface. Consider covering it with a tarp or old blanket to protect it from dust and debris. For electric mowers, ensure the battery is stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions, often in a cool, dry place separate from the mower itself.
How do I prepare the battery of an electric lawn mower for winter storage?
For electric lawn mowers, the battery is a critical component that requires special attention during winter storage. Start by fully charging the battery. Then, disconnect the battery from the mower to prevent any slow discharge over the winter months. Refer to your owner’s manual for specific instructions on removing and storing the battery.
Store the battery in a cool, dry place where temperatures remain above freezing. Avoid storing it in extremely cold or hot environments, as this can damage the battery’s cells. Periodically check the battery’s charge level throughout the winter and recharge it if necessary to prevent it from completely discharging, which can shorten its lifespan.
What maintenance tasks should I consider performing before storing my lawn mower?
Beyond cleaning and fuel stabilization, consider performing some routine maintenance tasks before storing your lawn mower for the winter. Change the engine oil according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. This removes contaminants that can damage the engine over time. Inspect the air filter and replace it if it’s dirty or clogged.
Also, inspect the spark plug and replace it if it’s worn or damaged. This ensures a reliable start in the spring. If you have a self-propelled mower, check the drive belt for wear and tear and replace it if necessary. Addressing these maintenance tasks before storage will save you time and effort in the spring and keep your mower running smoothly for years to come.