Starting a push mower can sometimes feel like a chore, especially if you’re not familiar with the proper procedures. This guide provides a detailed, step-by-step approach to starting your push mower reliably, ensuring your lawn maintenance routine is smooth and efficient. We’ll cover everything from basic preparation to troubleshooting common starting issues.
Preparing Your Push Mower for Startup
Before you even think about pulling the starter cord, a few essential checks are necessary to ensure a smooth and safe start. Taking these precautions can save you time, effort, and potentially prevent damage to your mower.
Checking the Fuel Level
First and foremost, ensure you have enough fuel in the tank. An empty or low fuel tank is the most common reason a mower won’t start. Look inside the fuel tank; you should visibly see gasoline. If it’s low, add fresh gasoline. Using old or stale gasoline can also cause starting problems.
Inspecting the Oil Level
Just as important as fuel is oil. Check the oil level using the dipstick. The dipstick is usually brightly colored (often yellow or orange) and easily accessible. Remove the dipstick, wipe it clean, reinsert it fully, and then remove it again to check the oil level. The oil should be within the “full” range marked on the dipstick. If it’s low, add the correct type of oil recommended for your mower. Running a mower with low oil can cause serious engine damage.
Examining the Air Filter
The air filter prevents dust and debris from entering the engine. A clogged air filter restricts airflow, making the mower difficult to start. Inspect the air filter and clean or replace it as needed. Depending on the model, the air filter might be a foam or paper element. Foam filters can usually be washed with soap and water, dried, and then lightly oiled. Paper filters are typically replaced when dirty.
Blade Clearance and Safety
Before starting, ensure the area around the mower is clear of any objects, such as rocks, sticks, or toys. These can be dangerous projectiles once the blade starts spinning. Make sure the mower blade is not obstructed. Also, confirm that the spark plug wire is securely attached.
Step-by-Step Starting Procedure
With the preliminary checks completed, you’re ready to start the engine. The following steps outline the standard starting procedure for most push mowers. However, always refer to your mower’s owner’s manual for specific instructions.
Priming the Engine (if applicable)
Some mowers have a primer bulb that needs to be pressed a few times before starting. Priming the engine introduces a small amount of fuel directly into the carburetor, making it easier to start. Press the primer bulb firmly a few times (usually 3-5 times) until you see fuel enter the bulb. Avoid over-priming, as this can flood the engine. If your mower doesn’t have a primer bulb, skip to the next step.
Setting the Throttle
Most push mowers have a throttle control, often marked with settings like “Choke,” “Fast,” and “Slow.” Start by setting the throttle to the “Choke” position, especially if the engine is cold. The “Choke” setting restricts airflow, creating a richer fuel mixture that aids in starting. Once the engine starts, gradually move the throttle to the “Fast” or “Run” position. If the engine is already warm, you may be able to start it with the throttle in the “Fast” position.
Engaging the Bail Lever
The bail lever is the metal bar located on the handle of the mower. You must hold the bail lever against the handle to start and operate the mower. This is a safety feature designed to stop the engine if you release the handle. Ensure you have a firm grip on the bail lever before pulling the starter cord.
Pulling the Starter Cord
Now for the crucial step. Grasp the starter cord handle firmly and pull it slowly until you feel resistance. This engages the engine’s flywheel. Then, pull the cord quickly and smoothly with a full, strong motion. Avoid pulling the cord all the way out, as this can damage the mechanism. If the engine doesn’t start on the first pull, let the cord retract slowly and repeat the process. After a few attempts, if the engine still doesn’t start, try adjusting the choke setting slightly.
Adjusting the Choke (If Necessary)
If the mower doesn’t start after several pulls with the choke fully engaged, try moving the choke lever gradually towards the “Run” or “Fast” position. Sometimes, too much choke can flood the engine. Experiment with different choke settings until the engine starts. Once the engine starts, immediately move the choke lever to the “Run” position.
Troubleshooting Common Starting Problems
Even with careful preparation and the correct starting procedure, problems can still arise. Here are some common starting issues and how to troubleshoot them.
Engine Won’t Start at All
If the engine refuses to start, double-check the following:
- Fuel Supply: Ensure there’s enough fresh fuel in the tank.
- Spark Plug: A faulty spark plug can prevent the engine from starting. Check the spark plug for damage or fouling. Clean or replace it if necessary.
- Ignition System: The ignition system could be faulty.
- Air Filter: A clogged air filter can restrict airflow.
Engine Starts and Stalls
If the engine starts briefly but then stalls, consider these possibilities:
- Fuel Mixture: The fuel mixture might be too lean or too rich. Adjusting the choke can sometimes resolve this.
- Carburetor Issues: A dirty or clogged carburetor can cause stalling. Consider cleaning or rebuilding the carburetor.
- Ventilation: Check the fuel cap vent. If the vent is blocked, it can create a vacuum in the fuel tank, preventing fuel from flowing properly.
Engine Runs Rough
A rough-running engine could indicate several problems:
- Old Fuel: Stale fuel can cause the engine to run poorly. Drain the old fuel and replace it with fresh gasoline.
- Spark Plug: A worn or fouled spark plug can cause rough running.
- Air Filter: A dirty air filter can affect engine performance.
Difficulty Pulling the Cord
If you find it difficult to pull the starter cord, it could be due to:
- Blade Obstruction: Ensure the mower blade is not obstructed by grass or debris.
- Engine Compression: Excessive engine compression can make it hard to pull the cord. A compression release mechanism can help alleviate this.
- Oil Viscosity: Using the wrong type of oil or oil that is too thick can increase resistance.
Essential Maintenance Tips for Easy Starting
Regular maintenance is key to ensuring your push mower starts easily and runs reliably for years to come. Here are some crucial maintenance tasks to perform.
Regular Oil Changes
Changing the oil regularly is essential for engine health. Refer to your owner’s manual for the recommended oil change interval. Generally, changing the oil after every 25 hours of use or at least once a year is a good practice.
Air Filter Cleaning and Replacement
Clean or replace the air filter regularly to ensure proper airflow. Check the air filter every time you change the oil and clean or replace it as needed.
Spark Plug Maintenance
Inspect the spark plug periodically and clean or replace it if necessary. A clean spark plug ensures proper ignition.
Fuel Stabilization
If you’re storing your mower for an extended period, add a fuel stabilizer to the gasoline. Fuel stabilizer prevents the fuel from breaking down and forming deposits in the carburetor.
Blade Sharpening
A sharp mower blade cuts grass cleanly and efficiently, reducing strain on the engine. Sharpen the mower blade at least once a year or more frequently if you mow frequently or in sandy conditions.
Cleaning the Mower Deck
Regularly clean the underside of the mower deck to remove grass clippings and debris. Accumulated debris can reduce airflow and affect engine performance.
Safety Precautions When Starting and Operating a Push Mower
Safety should always be a top priority when operating any power equipment. Here are some important safety precautions to follow when starting and using your push mower.
- Wear appropriate safety gear, including eye protection, hearing protection, and sturdy shoes.
- Clear the area of any obstacles before starting the mower.
- Never operate the mower in wet conditions.
- Never allow children or pets near the mower while it’s running.
- Always disconnect the spark plug wire before performing any maintenance or repairs.
- Read and understand the owner’s manual before operating the mower.
Winterizing Your Push Mower
Properly winterizing your push mower is crucial to prevent damage during the off-season and ensure it starts easily in the spring. Follow these steps to winterize your mower:
- Drain the fuel tank or add fuel stabilizer to prevent fuel from breaking down.
- Change the oil to remove contaminants.
- Remove the spark plug and add a small amount of oil to the cylinder.
- Clean the mower deck and undercarriage.
- Store the mower in a dry, protected area.
By following these steps, you can confidently start your push mower every time and keep your lawn looking its best. Remember to consult your owner’s manual for specific instructions and recommendations for your particular model. Regular maintenance and attention to detail will ensure your mower provides years of reliable service.
What type of fuel should I use in my push mower?
Generally, you should use fresh, unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 or higher. Avoid using gasoline that has been sitting for more than 30 days, as it can degrade and cause starting problems. Many manufacturers recommend using fuel with a stabilizer to prolong its lifespan, especially if you don’t use the mower frequently.
Check your mower’s owner’s manual for specific fuel recommendations. Some mowers require a fuel with a specific ethanol content. Using the wrong fuel can damage the engine and void the warranty, so it’s crucial to follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Always store fuel in a tightly sealed, approved container away from heat and flames.
How often should I change the oil in my push mower?
For most push mowers, changing the oil is recommended after the first five hours of use and then at least once a year, or every 25-50 hours of operation, whichever comes first. Regular oil changes help keep the engine running smoothly and prevent wear and tear on internal components.
Refer to your owner’s manual for the specific oil change interval and the recommended type of oil for your mower. Factors such as the intensity of use and environmental conditions can also affect the frequency of oil changes. Always dispose of used oil responsibly at a designated recycling center.
Why won’t my push mower start, even with a full tank of gas?
There are several reasons why a push mower might not start despite having fuel. Common culprits include a dirty air filter, a clogged carburetor, a faulty spark plug, or old fuel in the tank. Inspect the air filter first, clean or replace it if needed. Then, check the spark plug for damage or fouling.
If the air filter and spark plug are in good condition, the issue could be a clogged carburetor or old fuel. You can try using carburetor cleaner or draining the old fuel and replacing it with fresh gasoline. If the problem persists, you may need to consult a small engine mechanic for further diagnosis and repair.
What is the purpose of the primer bulb on my push mower?
The primer bulb’s purpose is to inject a small amount of fuel directly into the carburetor, making it easier to start the engine, especially after it has been sitting idle for a while. Pushing the primer bulb several times forces fuel into the carburetor, creating a richer fuel-air mixture that is easier to ignite.
Be careful not to over-prime the engine, as this can flood it with too much fuel, making it difficult to start. Typically, 2-3 pushes of the primer bulb are sufficient. If you’ve over-primed the engine, wait a few minutes for the excess fuel to evaporate before attempting to start it again.
How do I adjust the cutting height on my push mower?
Most push mowers have levers located near each wheel that allow you to adjust the cutting height. These levers typically offer several different height settings, enabling you to customize the length of the grass you’re cutting. Move all the levers to the same setting to ensure an even cut.
Before adjusting the cutting height, always stop the engine and disconnect the spark plug wire for safety. When selecting a cutting height, consider the type of grass you have and the recommended cutting height for that grass type. Avoid cutting more than one-third of the grass blade’s height at a time to promote healthy growth.
What safety precautions should I take before starting my push mower?
Before starting your push mower, ensure the area is clear of any obstacles, such as rocks, sticks, toys, or debris, that could be thrown by the mower’s blades. Wear appropriate safety gear, including closed-toe shoes, safety glasses, and hearing protection. Check the condition of the lawn mower, including the blades, guards, and controls.
Never start or operate the mower without all guards and shields in place. Keep children and pets away from the mowing area while the mower is running. Be aware of your surroundings and avoid mowing near slopes or uneven terrain where you could lose control of the mower. Always refer to your owner’s manual for specific safety instructions.
How do I properly store my push mower for the winter?
Proper winter storage is essential to keep your push mower in good working condition. Begin by draining the fuel tank completely to prevent fuel from degrading and causing carburetor problems. You can also add a fuel stabilizer to the remaining fuel in the tank if you choose not to drain it completely. Clean the mower thoroughly, removing any grass clippings or debris.
Change the oil and remove the spark plug, pouring a small amount of oil into the cylinder before replacing the plug. This helps prevent corrosion. Store the mower in a dry, protected area, such as a garage or shed, covered with a tarp or sheet to protect it from dust and moisture. Disconnecting the spark plug wire and storing it separately is also a good safety measure.