Resurfacing a swimming pool is one of the most effective ways to breathe new life into a tired, aging pool. Whether your pool’s surface is cracked, stained, or simply outdated, resurfacing not only enhances aesthetics but also protects the structure and improves safety. While hiring a professional is always recommended for the actual resurfacing process, homeowners can take several critical steps to properly prep a pool for resurfacing. Proper preparation ensures that your investment lasts longer, looks better, and performs optimally.
In this article, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about preparing your pool for resurfacing, including when to resurface, what materials and tools you’ll need, and how to ensure the work environment is safe and conducive to a successful project.
When to Resurface Your Pool
Before diving into the prep work, it’s important to understand when resurfacing is actually necessary. Here are a few signs that signal it’s time to consider resurfacing:
- Cracks or flaking in the pool surface
- Rough or uneven texture that’s uncomfortable to touch
- Staining or discoloration that won’t come out with regular cleaning
- Algae growth that persists despite proper pool chemistry
- Outdated design or color that no longer matches your backyard aesthetic
Most pools need resurfacing every 7 to 10 years, depending on the original material used, maintenance frequency, water chemistry, and local climate.
Gathering the Necessary Tools and Materials
Effective preparation starts with having the right tools and materials on hand. While the actual resurfacing is typically done by a professional contractor, preparing the pool involves several clean-up, demolition, and inspection steps that may require assistance or specific resources.
Here’s a list of commonly needed items for pool prep:
- Pool drain pump
- Pool brush and vacuum
- Sledgehammer or chipping hammer (for surface removal, if necessary)
- Safety goggles and gloves
- Pressure washer
- Dust masks and protective eyewear
- Plastic sheeting or tarps
- Cleaning agents (e.g., acid wash solution if recommended)
- Measuring tapes and levels
- Shovel and wheelbarrow
Having these tools ready will help streamline the initial preparation stages of your pool resurfacing project.
Step 1: Draining the Pool
Draining the pool is the first major step in preparing for resurfacing. This must be done carefully to avoid damaging the structure, especially in areas with high groundwater.
Check Local Regulations
Before you begin, check local and state regulations about draining pool water into sewers or storm drains. Many areas require the water to be dechlorinated and tested for pH balance before release.
Drain Safely
Use a pool drain pump or rent one from your local hardware store or pool supply company. Start by lowering the water level to at least 12 inches below the tile line. In areas with heavy groundwater, it may be necessary to leave a few feet of water in the pool until the contractor arrives to prevent hydrostatic pressure from lifting the shell.
Monitor for Issues
Once drained, inspect the shell for cracks or other damage that might need to be addressed before resurfacing begins.
Step 2: Cleaning the Pool Interior
Once the water is mostly removed, it’s time to deep clean the pool to prepare for sanding and resurfacing. This stage is crucial because any residual debris, chemicals, or scale can interfere with the new surface material adhering properly.
Brush and Vacuum the Surfaces
Use a sturdy pool brush and a wet vacuum to remove all loose debris, such as dirt, leaves, algae, and calcium buildup. You may need an acid wash if the surface has heavy mineral deposits or persistent stains.
Acid Wash (If Necessary)
If your pool has stubborn calcium scaling or deep discoloration, an acid wash might be necessary. This involves applying a mixture of muriatic acid and water to the pool surface to etch away scale and stains.
- Note: An acid wash should only be done by professionals or experienced DIYers. Always wear protective gear, and ensure proper ventilation during the process.
Pressure Washing
After brushing or acid washing, use a high-pressure washer to remove any remaining dust, residue, and old plaster. This will expose a clean, rough surface that promotes better adhesion of new materials.
Final Rinse and Drying
Once the pool is cleaned thoroughly, rinse it one final time with clean water and allow it to dry completely. A completely dry surface is essential before the resurfacing contractor arrives.
Step 3: Inspecting and Repairing Structural Issues
Before any new surface is applied, any structural problems need to be addressed. Otherwise, the new finish may crack or deteriorate prematurely.
Assess Cracks and Gaps
Look for cracks in the shell, coping, or tile areas. Small hairline cracks can often be filled with a pool crack repair compound, while larger cracks may require more extensive repair or resurfacing.
Fix Loose or Damaged Tiles
If any tiles around the pool rim are loose or chipped, they should be removed and replaced. New tiles provide a seamless edge between the water line and the coping.
Replaster Damaged Areas
In some cases, patches of the existing plaster will be too damaged to continue. A licensed professional or contractor may need to replaster these areas to create a smooth, uniform surface before full resurfacing begins.
Ensure Equipment is Accessible
If the resurfacing project includes replacing lights, drains, or skimmers, be sure these are accessible and in place. Sometimes new surfaces require the placement of new coping or masonry installations to finish the look.
Step 4: Protecting Surrounding Areas
While the pool is being prepped, it’s vital to protect nearby surfaces, decks, landscaping, and home structures.
Cover Nearby Plants and Surfaces
Use plastic sheeting or tarps to cover plants and outdoor furniture. Acid or high-alkaline cleaning substances can harm nearby vegetation, so thorough coverage is essential.
Seal Off Tile or Concrete Decks
Tape off adjacent concrete or pavered areas with plastic and painter’s tape to shield them from dust, chemicals, or damage during cleaning and resurfacing.
Remove Loose Items
Ensure all poolside furniture, toys, tools, and accessories are removed to prevent damage. It’s also a good idea to remove any lights, skimmers, or return jets temporarily, if advised by the resurfacing contractor.
Step 5: Final Walkthrough and Contractor Coordination
After completing all the prep steps, it’s time to prepare for the resurfacing contractor. This final phase is all about ensuring everything is ready for them to begin work.
Walk the Pool with the Contractor
Before the resurfacing begins, walk around the pool with the contractor or crew supervisor to point out any problem areas, make sure all repairs have been completed, and confirm the exact finish material.
Discuss Finish Options
There are several resurfacing materials to choose from, including:
- Plaster (marble dust and white cement)
- Pebble finishes (natural or synthetic)
- Quartz aggregate
- Epoxy coatings
Discussing your preferred finish upfront ensures the contractor knows the materials they need to bring and can plan accordingly.
Provide Access Points
Make sure there is proper access for heavy equipment, water supply, and electricity if needed. If you have an automatic pool cleaner or other systems, check how they’ll be reinstalled after the surface is applied.
What to Expect After Prep Is Done
Once you’ve completed all prep steps and the contractor arrives, here’s what you can expect during the resurfacing process:
Surface Grinding and Prepping
The crew typically begins by grinding the existing plaster to roughen it up, especially if the pool isn’t completely drained. This ensures better adhesion of the new surface.
Base Coat Application
A base coat made of cement-based mix is applied to the floor and walls. This is done by skilled plasterers and must be finished quickly to avoid drying marks.
Finishing Coat
Depending on the finish you’ve chosen (plaster, quartz, pebble), the crew applies the top finish. Some finishes require hand-troweling, while others use a pressurized shooting machine (like for pebble surfaces).
Curing Period
After application, the surface needs time to cure. This often involves filling the pool slowly over the course of a week, adding specific chemicals to prevent stains and etching.
Start-Up Procedure
Once the curing is complete, the pool is drained partially or completely, and a detailed balance of your water chemistry must be completed. This is essential for a long-lasting surface.
Conclusion
Prepping a pool for resurfacing is a detailed, multi-step process that plays a vital role in the long-term success of the renovation. From draining to deep cleaning, from repairing structural damage to protecting adjacent areas of your property—each step contributes to a smoother, more durable, and aesthetically pleasing new finish.
Proper preparation lays the groundwork for the contractors to do their best work and ensures the investment you make in resurfacing enhances your pool’s beauty, comfort, and longevity. By understanding and executing each of these steps correctly, you’ll be setting the stage for a stunning transformation and a pool that’s ready to serve your family for years to come.
Whether you’re doing the prep work yourself or working with a contractor for one or more stages, staying informed and involved in the process will help you achieve the best results. A well-prepped pool is the foundation of a successful resurfacing job—so take your time, get it right, and get ready to enjoy your revitalized swimming pool.
What are the first steps to prepare a pool for resurfacing?
Before beginning the resurfacing process, it’s important to drain the pool completely using a submersible pump or by hiring a professional. Once drained, inspect the water lines and tiles to determine if any repairs are needed prior to resurfacing. Make sure to check local regulations regarding where the water can be discharged, especially if it contains chemicals like chlorine. After the pool is empty, turn off all equipment and isolate valves to prevent accidental operation during preparation. Protect nearby plants, decking, and structures by covering them with tarps or plastic sheeting.
The next step involves cleaning the existing surface thoroughly. Use a pressure washer or scrub brushes to remove dirt, scale, and any loose plaster. This not only creates a better bond for the new surface but also helps reveal any underlying issues like cracks or uneven areas. Allow the surface to dry completely before proceeding to the inspection and repair phase. Ensuring a clean and dry surface is critical for the success of the new finish, so it’s important not to skip or rush this process.
How do I inspect and repair my pool’s structure before resurfacing?
Once the surface is clean and dry, thoroughly inspect the pool for cracks, spalling (chipping or flaking), or structural damage. Use a magnifying glass if necessary and run your hands along the surface to detect subtle cracks. For larger cracks or voids, chip away the damaged material with a chisel or concrete saw and clean out the area to remove any dust or debris. Apply hydraulic cement or a high-quality concrete patch to fill the gaps and allow it to cure according to manufacturer instructions.
If the waterline tile is damaged or loose, this is the time to replace or reattach it. Also inspect the coping and deck surrounding the pool for damage that could impact the resurfacing process. Repairs should be given ample time to cure—and the entire surface should be etched with muriatic acid to open the pores and provide a better bonding surface. This acid wash must be done carefully with proper ventilation and protective gear. Once etched, rinse the surface thoroughly with water to neutralize the acid before proceeding.
Why is it necessary to remove all fixtures and fittings before resurfacing?
Removing pool fixtures such as light niches, skimmers, return jets, and ladders is essential to allow for a seamless and professional finish. Leaving these items in place can result in uneven coverage and compromised seal integrity once the resurfacing material is applied. Additionally, removing hardware before the process starts prevents accidental damage to these components during sanding, patching, or plastering work. It also provides better access for inspecting and repairing the surrounding areas, which might otherwise be concealed or overlooked.
Once removed, label and store all hardware in a safe location until the resurfacing project is complete. Some components like light niches require disconnecting electrical connections—which should be handled by a qualified electrician. If any fixtures are damaged or corroded, consider replacing them with new ones before the final reinstallation. Removing and properly handling these features not only enhances the structural longevity of the pool but also boosts the aesthetic outcome of the resurfacing job.
Is it important to apply a bonding agent before resurfacing a pool?
Yes, applying a bonding agent is a crucial step in the resurfacing process, especially when adhering a fresh layer of plaster or finish to older concrete. The bonding agent improves adhesion between surfaces, ensuring the new material attaches securely to the existing structure. Without this step, you risk delamination, cracking, or peeling of the new surface after it dries, which can lead to costly repairs. This is particularly important if the existing surface has been etched or is relatively smooth, as these surfaces may not provide sufficient grip on their own.
The bonding agent should be applied evenly with a brush or sprayer on all resurfaced areas, including walls and the pool floor. Pay particular attention to corners, steps, and uneven textures to ensure full coverage. Allow the bonding coat to become tacky before applying the resurfacing material, and follow manufacturer instructions closely for best results. Choosing a high-quality bonding agent compatible with your chosen finish helps ensure the integrity and durability of the resurfaced pool.
How long should I wait before filling the pool after resurfacing?
The drying or curing time after resurfacing a pool varies depending on the type of finish used, the thickness of the application, and weather conditions. In general, most modern plaster or quartz finishes require a minimum cure time of 7 to 10 days before the pool should be filled with water. During this time, the surface hardens and stabilizes, reducing the risk of cracking or discoloration. It’s essential to follow the recommended curing schedule provided by the material’s manufacturer or your contractor to ensure a durable and attractive result.
While the surface is curing, it should be protected from rain and excessive humidity. During hot or dry periods, some finishes may require periodic misting with water to avoid premature drying and cracking. Avoid walking on or touching the surface unnecessarily, as oils from skin or debris can stain or disrupt the curing process. Once the cure time is complete and your contractor gives the go-ahead, begin slowly filling the pool with water while monitoring for any signs of damage or irregularities.
What should I know about water chemistry after refilling a newly resurfaced pool?
After filling a pool that has been recently resurfaced, it’s critical to balance the water chemistry to protect the new finish and ensure swimmer safety. During the first few weeks, the pool surface will continue to cure and may slightly raise the pH and alkalinity levels of the water. It is recommended to use a start-up chemical kit specifically designed for new plaster finishes, which typically includes a sequestering agent to prevent metal stains and a product to help stabilize pH and calcium hardness.
Avoid adding high-pH chemicals like soda ash early in the process and focus instead on maintaining low to moderate chlorine, proper calcium hardness, and balanced cyanuric acid levels. Regular water testing and adjustments are essential during this period to prevent surface etching, cloudiness, or staining. Following proper water maintenance practices right from the start will help preserve the new surface and extend the lifespan of the resurfacing project significantly.
Should I hire a professional or can I resurface my pool myself?
While resurfacing a pool can be a DIY-friendly project for those with experience and the right tools, it’s often recommended to hire a professional, especially for larger pools or complex finishes. The preparation and application phases require specific knowledge, including mixing ratios, curing times, and water chemistry. Mishandling these aspects can result in an uneven finish, premature damage, or poor adhesion. Additionally, professionals have access to high-quality products and equipment that may not be available to homeowners, ensuring a longer-lasting and properly sealed surface.
However, for those with strong DIY skills, a smaller pool, and a clear understanding of the resurfacing steps, completing the job independently can save costs. Just be prepared for a labor-intensive process that may take several days, including preparation, repairs, drying, finishing, and water balancing. If you choose this route, consult with a local pool supply company for recommended materials and application guidelines. Whatever your choice, make sure to allocate enough time and budget to complete the job properly to avoid future issues.