Having a lush, green lawn is the envy of many homeowners. Achieving this verdant paradise often relies on an efficient sprinkler system. However, sometimes those sprinklers don’t quite hit the mark – literally. When your sprinkler heads are too low, they can be obstructed by growing grass, plants, or even debris, hindering their ability to properly irrigate your lawn. This can lead to dry patches, uneven growth, and ultimately, a less-than-perfect yard. Raising your sprinkler heads is a relatively straightforward process that can dramatically improve your lawn’s health and appearance. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from identifying the problem to completing the adjustment.
Identifying The Need to Raise Your Sprinkler Heads
Before diving into the mechanics of raising your sprinkler heads, it’s crucial to accurately diagnose the problem. Simply assuming a sprinkler head is too low can lead to unnecessary work. A proper assessment ensures that raising the sprinkler is indeed the correct solution.
Signs of Low Sprinkler Heads
The most obvious sign is dry patches appearing around the sprinkler head. This indicates that the water is being blocked before it can reach the surrounding grass. These dry spots often have a defined edge, clearly outlining the area the sprinkler isn’t reaching.
Another sign is uneven grass growth. You might notice that the grass immediately around the sprinkler head is healthy and green, while the grass further away is yellowing or thinning. This suggests that the sprinkler is only irrigating a small radius due to its low position.
Physical obstructions are also a clear indicator. Is the sprinkler head partially or completely hidden by grass, plants, or mulch? If so, the water spray will be significantly impaired. Even a small amount of obstruction can dramatically reduce the sprinkler’s effective range.
Finally, look for evidence of damage or wear. While not directly related to the height of the sprinkler head, problems such as broken nozzles or leaky seals can mimic the symptoms of a low sprinkler. Inspecting the entire sprinkler head will help you identify and address any other issues that might be contributing to poor irrigation.
Potential Causes of Low Sprinkler Heads
Once you’ve identified the symptoms, understanding the potential causes will help you prevent the problem from recurring.
Grass growth is the most common culprit. As your lawn grows, it can gradually envelop the sprinkler head, effectively lowering its position relative to the surrounding grass. This is especially prevalent in areas with fast-growing grass types.
Soil settling over time can also bury the sprinkler head. The ground beneath and around the sprinkler head can compact and settle, causing the sprinkler to sink lower into the soil. This process is often gradual and can go unnoticed until the effects on irrigation become apparent.
Mulch accumulation is another frequent issue. If you use mulch in your landscaping, it can gradually build up around the sprinkler heads, effectively burying them. This is particularly common in flower beds or areas where mulch is frequently reapplied.
Physical damage can also lower a sprinkler head. Being accidentally run over by a lawnmower or stepped on can damage the riser or the sprinkler head itself, causing it to sit lower than intended.
Preparing To Raise Your Sprinkler Heads
Now that you’ve confirmed the need and identified the cause, it’s time to prepare for the actual task of raising your sprinkler heads. Proper preparation will make the process smoother and more efficient.
Gathering Necessary Tools and Materials
Having the right tools and materials on hand will save you time and frustration. Here’s a comprehensive list:
- Shovel or spade: For digging around the sprinkler head.
- Hand trowel: For more precise digging and cleanup.
- PVC cutter or hacksaw: For cutting PVC pipe if needed.
- PVC primer and cement: For connecting PVC pipe fittings.
- Thread seal tape (Teflon tape): For sealing threaded connections.
- Sprinkler head riser extensions: These come in various lengths. Choose the length based on how much you need to raise the head.
- Adjustable wrench: For tightening or loosening fittings.
- Measuring tape: For measuring the desired height.
- Gloves: To protect your hands.
- Safety glasses: To protect your eyes from debris.
Choosing the Right Riser Extension
Selecting the correct riser extension is crucial for achieving the desired height. Riser extensions come in various lengths and materials, typically PVC or threaded metal.
Measure the existing distance between the top of the sprinkler head and the ground level. This will give you a baseline measurement.
Determine the desired height of the sprinkler head. Ideally, the top of the sprinkler head should be slightly above the surrounding grass or mulch level.
Calculate the necessary extension length. Subtract the existing distance from the desired height to determine the length of the riser extension you need.
Consider the material of the existing plumbing. If your sprinkler system uses PVC pipes and fittings, choose a PVC riser extension. If it uses metal pipes, opt for a metal riser extension to ensure compatibility.
Choose a riser extension with the correct thread size. Sprinkler systems typically use standard pipe thread sizes. Ensure that the riser extension you choose matches the thread size of your existing sprinkler head and fitting.
Step-by-Step Guide: Raising Your Sprinkler Heads
With your tools and materials gathered, you can now proceed with the actual process of raising your sprinkler heads. Follow these steps carefully for optimal results.
Step 1: Turn Off the Water Supply
Locate the main water valve for your sprinkler system and turn it off completely. This will prevent water from spraying everywhere while you’re working on the sprinkler head. It’s usually found near the water meter or in the basement. Ensure it is completely turned off to prevent any accidental water flow.
Step 2: Excavate Around the Sprinkler Head
Carefully dig around the sprinkler head using a shovel or spade. Remove enough soil to expose the riser and the connection point where the sprinkler head is attached. Be cautious not to damage the surrounding grass or the sprinkler system components. Aim for a circular area of about 6-8 inches in diameter around the sprinkler head. Use the hand trowel for a more refined excavation around the connection point.
Step 3: Disconnect the Sprinkler Head
Unscrew the sprinkler head from the riser. Depending on the type of connection, you may need an adjustable wrench to loosen the fitting. If the connection is threaded, turn the sprinkler head counterclockwise to unscrew it. If the connection is glued, you will need to cut the PVC pipe below the sprinkler head using a PVC cutter or hacksaw. Be very careful not to damage the existing piping.
Step 4: Install the Riser Extension
If your connection is threaded, apply thread seal tape (Teflon tape) to the threads of the riser extension. This will help create a watertight seal. Screw the riser extension onto the existing riser, tightening it securely with an adjustable wrench. Ensure that the extension is firmly attached and that there are no leaks.
If your connection is glued (PVC), use PVC primer and cement to connect the riser extension to the existing PVC pipe. Apply primer to both the inside of the riser extension and the outside of the existing pipe. Then, apply PVC cement to both surfaces and quickly insert the riser extension onto the pipe. Hold it in place for a few seconds until the cement sets. Ensure that the connection is properly aligned and that there are no gaps.
Step 5: Reattach the Sprinkler Head
Screw the sprinkler head onto the riser extension. Again, apply thread seal tape to the threads of the sprinkler head if the connection is threaded. Tighten the sprinkler head securely with an adjustable wrench, but be careful not to overtighten it, as this could damage the sprinkler head or the riser extension. Make sure the head is properly aligned for optimal water distribution.
Step 6: Backfill and Compact the Soil
Carefully backfill the excavated area with soil. Gently compact the soil around the riser and the sprinkler head to provide stability. Make sure the soil is level with the surrounding ground. Avoid packing the soil too tightly, as this could restrict water flow to the roots.
Step 7: Test the Sprinkler System
Turn the water supply back on and observe the sprinkler head in action. Check for any leaks around the connections. If you notice any leaks, turn off the water supply and tighten the connections further or reapply thread seal tape. Observe the spray pattern of the sprinkler head. Make sure the water is reaching all the areas it’s supposed to. Adjust the sprinkler head’s spray pattern if necessary.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Even with careful planning and execution, you might encounter some common issues when raising your sprinkler heads. Here’s how to address them.
Leaks at the Connections
Ensure all threaded connections are properly sealed with thread seal tape. Wrap the tape around the threads in the direction of the threads, overlapping each layer slightly.
Tighten the connections securely with an adjustable wrench. However, be careful not to overtighten, as this could damage the fittings.
If the leak persists, disassemble the connection and reapply thread seal tape. Make sure the threads are clean and dry before reapplying the tape.
For glued PVC connections, ensure the primer and cement were applied properly. The surfaces should be clean and dry before applying the primer and cement. Hold the connection firmly in place until the cement sets. If the connection still leaks, you may need to cut the pipe and redo the connection.
Uneven Spray Pattern
Adjust the sprinkler head’s spray pattern. Most sprinkler heads have adjustable nozzles that allow you to control the distance and direction of the spray. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for specific adjustment procedures.
Check for obstructions in the spray path. Make sure there are no plants, rocks, or other objects blocking the water flow.
Ensure the sprinkler head is level. If the sprinkler head is tilted, the spray pattern will be uneven. Adjust the soil around the sprinkler head to level it.
Sprinkler Head Too High or Too Low
If the sprinkler head is too high, you may need to trim the riser extension. Use a PVC cutter or hacksaw to shorten the extension to the desired length.
If the sprinkler head is still too low, you may need a longer riser extension. Disconnect the existing extension and replace it with a longer one.
Maintaining Your Sprinkler System After Raising Heads
Raising your sprinkler heads is just one step in maintaining a healthy and efficient sprinkler system. Regular maintenance will help prevent future problems and ensure that your lawn receives the proper irrigation.
Regular Inspections
Inspect your sprinkler heads regularly for any signs of damage or wear. Look for broken nozzles, leaky seals, or cracked casings.
Check the spray patterns to ensure they are still effective. Adjust the nozzles as needed to maintain optimal coverage.
Monitor the soil moisture levels to ensure your lawn is receiving adequate water. Adjust the watering schedule as needed based on the weather conditions.
Preventative Measures
Trim grass and plants around the sprinkler heads to prevent obstructions. Regularly clear away any mulch or debris that may accumulate around the sprinkler heads.
Consider using sprinkler head guards to protect the sprinkler heads from damage. These guards can help prevent damage from lawnmowers or foot traffic.
Winterize your sprinkler system to prevent damage from freezing temperatures. This typically involves draining the water from the pipes and insulating the sprinkler heads. Consult a professional if you are unsure how to winterize your system properly.
Why would I need to raise my sprinkler heads?
Sprinkler heads often need raising for several reasons. Over time, the surrounding soil can settle, burying the sprinkler head and hindering its spray pattern. This can lead to uneven watering, dry patches in your lawn, and wasted water as the spray is obstructed. Additionally, growing grass or landscaping features might obstruct the sprinkler head, preventing it from effectively reaching its intended target area.
Raising your sprinkler heads ensures optimal coverage and efficient water distribution. It eliminates obstructions that interfere with the spray pattern, promoting a healthy and uniformly watered lawn. This, in turn, conserves water by preventing overwatering in some areas and underwatering in others. Properly raised sprinkler heads also reduce the risk of damage from lawnmowers or foot traffic, extending their lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.
What tools and materials do I need to raise sprinkler heads?
Gathering the right tools and materials is crucial for a successful sprinkler head raising project. You’ll typically need a shovel or spade to excavate around the sprinkler head, PVC pipe or a sprinkler riser extension of appropriate diameter and length to elevate the head, PVC primer and cement for joining the pipes (if using PVC), Teflon tape for sealing threaded connections, and a measuring tape to ensure accurate pipe lengths.
Depending on the complexity of the job, you might also need a pipe cutter or saw to trim PVC pipe, a level to ensure the sprinkler head is properly aligned, and safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself during the process. Having these items readily available will streamline the job and ensure you can complete the task efficiently and safely, leading to a more professional and reliable result.
How do I determine how much to raise my sprinkler heads?
The amount you need to raise your sprinkler heads depends on several factors. Primarily, it’s determined by the height of the obstruction, whether it’s overgrown grass, settled soil, or low-lying landscaping. Visually inspect the area and measure the distance between the top of the sprinkler head and the level where you want the spray to be unobstructed. This measurement will guide you in selecting the appropriate length of riser extension.
Consider also the type of sprinkler head. Pop-up sprinklers need enough clearance to fully extend and retract without interference. Ensure that the raised sprinkler head will not become a tripping hazard or be excessively exposed, making it vulnerable to damage. A balanced approach, considering both functionality and aesthetics, is key to determining the optimal height adjustment.
Can I raise sprinkler heads myself, or should I hire a professional?
Whether you can raise sprinkler heads yourself depends largely on your DIY skills and the complexity of the project. If the issue is simply due to minor soil settlement and requires only a small extension, it’s often a manageable task for homeowners with basic plumbing knowledge. However, if the situation involves damaged pipes, extensive excavation, or adjustments to multiple sprinkler heads across a large area, it might be wiser to consult a professional.
A professional irrigation specialist has the experience and equipment to handle complex repairs and ensure the entire system functions optimally. They can diagnose underlying issues, such as low water pressure or improper spacing, that may contribute to the problem. While hiring a professional incurs a cost, it can save you time, prevent costly mistakes, and ensure a long-term solution for your irrigation needs.
What type of sprinkler riser should I use?
Choosing the right type of sprinkler riser depends on your existing irrigation system and the degree of elevation needed. PVC risers are a common and cost-effective option, suitable for extending sprinkler heads by a few inches or more. They require PVC primer and cement for secure connections and are readily available in various lengths and diameters. For smaller adjustments, threaded riser extensions made of durable plastic or metal are often preferable.
These threaded extensions screw directly onto the existing sprinkler head and pipe fittings, simplifying the installation process. Consider the water pressure in your system when selecting a riser material. High pressure may necessitate a more robust option like metal risers to prevent leaks or breakage. Match the diameter of the riser to the existing pipe to ensure a tight and leak-free connection.
How do I prevent leaks after raising sprinkler heads?
Preventing leaks after raising sprinkler heads is crucial for maintaining an efficient and water-conserving irrigation system. When using PVC risers, apply PVC primer to both the inside of the fitting and the outside of the pipe before applying PVC cement. Work quickly to join the pieces securely before the cement dries, ensuring a strong and watertight bond. For threaded connections, use Teflon tape wrapped clockwise around the threads to create a seal.
Tighten all connections firmly, but avoid overtightening, which can damage the fittings. After completing the installation, turn on the water supply and carefully inspect each connection for leaks. If you detect any leaks, immediately shut off the water and tighten the connection further or reapply Teflon tape or PVC cement as needed. Proper sealing and careful installation are key to preventing leaks and ensuring your sprinkler system functions flawlessly.
How often should I check my sprinkler heads after raising them?
Regularly checking your sprinkler heads after raising them is essential for maintaining a healthy and efficient irrigation system. Initially, inspect the raised sprinkler heads within the first few days to ensure there are no leaks and that the spray pattern is optimal. Pay close attention to the areas around the connections and the overall coverage of the sprinkler head.
After the initial check, make it a habit to inspect your sprinkler heads at least monthly, or more frequently during periods of heavy use. Look for signs of leaks, clogs, misaligned spray patterns, or damage from lawnmowers or foot traffic. Addressing minor issues promptly can prevent more significant problems down the road and ensure your lawn receives the consistent and effective watering it needs.