Gunite pools have become one of the most popular choices for homeowners looking to install a durable, versatile, and customizable swimming pool. Known for their strength and adaptability in design, gunite pools are constructed using a mixture of cement and sand that is pneumatically applied and then coated with a finish like plaster, pebble, tile, or quartz. However, a common concern among prospective pool owners—and even those who already own a gunite pool—is whether these pools are rough on feet.
This article explores the texture of gunite pools, the factors that influence how they feel underfoot, potential remedies for roughness, and a comparison with other pool types in terms of comfort. Whether you’re planning to install a new pool or are simply concerned about the comfort of your existing one, this detailed guide will provide you with all the information you need.
Understanding the Basics: What Is a Gunite Pool?
Before diving into the topic of foot comfort, it’s essential to understand what a gunite pool actually is.
Gunite—often used interchangeably with “shotcrete”—is a dry-mix concrete that is sprayed through a hose and then mixed with water at the nozzle. This application method allows for seamless construction of complex shapes and contours, making gunite an ideal material for custom pool designs.
The Construction Process
Gunite pools are built in several stages:
- Excavation and plumbing: The ground is excavated according to the pool design, and the plumbing pipes for jets, drains, and returns are installed.
- Rebar installation: Steel reinforcing bars (rebar) are formed into a skeleton to support the structure.
- Gunite application: The dry mix of cement and sand is sprayed over the rebar framework under high pressure, creating a solid shell.
- Plastering and finishing: Once the gunite shell cures, a surface finish like plaster, quartz, pebble, or tile is applied.
The final step—surface finishing—is especially important when it comes to foot comfort. The texture of the pool floor and walls largely depends on the type of finish chosen.
Are Gunite Pools Naturally Rough? A Texture Breakdown
By themselves, gunite shells are not inherently smooth. After the gunite is applied and cured, it tends to have a concrete-like, slightly coarse surface. This can feel gritty or abrasive to the touch, and even more so when stepped on barefoot. However, it’s important to clarify that no gunite pool is left in this state permanently.
The Role of Plaster and Finish Coats
The plaster coat is the final layer applied to a gunite pool. This layer can consist of various materials, including:
- Traditional white plaster (marble dust and white cement)
- Colored plaster
- Quartz finishes
- Exposed aggregate pebble finishes
- Tile
Each of these offers a different texture and feel underfoot. While the original gunite shell may be rough, the finish coat plays a significant role in whether the pool will be comfortable to walk on barefoot.
Traditional Plaster vs. Pebble Finishes
- **Plaster finishes** tend to feel smooth but can become rough over time due to chemical imbalances or wear and tear.
- **Pebble finishes**, made from small, rounded stones embedded in concrete, can provide a more natural look, but they may feel rough or uneven depending on the size and type of pebble.
- **Quartz finishes**, which include crushed quartz in the mix, offer a smooth and reflective appearance with minimal abrasiveness.
Thus, while the gunite base is durable, the final finish determines the actual feel of the pool’s surface underfoot.
Why Some Gunite Pools Feel Rough on Feet
If your gunite pool feels uncomfortable to walk on, it’s typically not because of the gunite itself, but rather due to one or more of the following reasons:
Finish Type and Quality
As discussed, pebble and some textured quartz finishes may naturally be rougher than smooth plaster or tile finishes. The quality of the application also matters—poor workmanship can result in an uneven surface or improper curing, which affects texture.
Chemical Imbalances
If pool water chemistry is not regularly maintained, it can cause the plaster to degrade or etch over time, leading to a gritty surface. Key culprits include:
- Low pH
- High alkalinity
- Excessive chlorine
These conditions wear away the smooth surface of the plaster, exposing the rougher material underneath.
Calcium Build-Up and Scaling
Hard water or improper calcium balancing can lead to scale build-up on the pool’s surface. This build-up often has a chalky or rough texture that is unpleasant to touch (and walk on).
Aging Pools
Over time, plaster can crack and wear. As the surface becomes chipped or worn down, bare patches of gunite or aggregate may become exposed, increasing the likelihood of roughness underfoot.
How to Make a Gunite Pool More Comfortable for Feet
If your gunite pool is feeling uncomfortable, there are several ways to improve its texture and make it more foot-friendly while maintaining its structural integrity.
Choose the Right Finish
At the installation or renovation stage, opt for finishes known for their softness and comfort:
| Finish Type | Texture | Durability | Foot Comfort |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smooth Plaster | Very smooth | Moderate | Excellent |
| Colored Plaster | Generally smooth | Varies | Good (depends on chemistry) |
| Quartz | Smooth, sparkly texture | High | Very good |
| Pebble (small) | Textured | Very high | Moderate |
| Pebble (large) | Rougher | Excellent | Low |
For families with children or those who are sensitive to textures, smooth or quartz finishes are typically the most recommended.
Maintenance Is Key
Regular pool maintenance keeps surfaces smooth and safe:
- Balance water chemistry regularly (especially pH, alkalinity, and calcium hardness).
- Brush the pool weekly to prevent algae build-up and scale formation.
- Backwash or clean filters to maintain clean circulation.
- Professional inspections every 6 to 12 months to catch early signs of plaster wear.
Pool Floor Tile Accents
A practical solution to reduce roughness around shallow ends or in frequently walked areas is to install pool tiles in those zones. Tile is naturally smooth, and it can offer a contrast in both aesthetics and comfort where foot traffic is heavy.
Resurfacing the Pool
Over time, if the plaster wears thin or cracks appear, resurfacing the entire pool is the best solution. This process involves removing the old finish and applying a new one—providing an opportunity to choose a smoother or more comfortable texture.
Anti-Slip Painting or Coatings
In cases where roughness is mild, pool-safe anti-slip coatings can be applied to create a smoother surface without needing a full resurface. These are especially useful near pool steps and ladders.
Growing Family-Friendly: Gunite Pools for Children and the Elderly
Comfort is not just a preference—it can also be a safety and accessibility concern. For elderly swimmers or young children, a rough pool surface can increase the risk of cuts, grazes, and skin irritation.
When designing a pool specifically for these groups, planners and homeowners should focus on:
- Smooth or quartz-based finishes;
- Installation of handrails near steps and in entries;
- Designing entry-level shelves or zero-depth entries;
- Limiting heavy-textured areas to less traversed zones, such as deep ends.
In short, while gunite pools can be rough on feet by default, they do not have to be when the right planning, finishes, and maintenance come into play.
Gunite vs. Vinyl and Fiberglass Pools: A Foot Comfort Comparison
Many pool owners compare gunite pools to other materials like vinyl and fiberglass, particularly in terms of foot comfort.
Fiberglass Pools
Fiberglass pools are often touted as the most comfortable in terms of texture. They come pre-formed with a gel coat interior that is naturally smooth and non-abrasive. This makes them a top pick for those who want the lowest maintenance and softest underfoot experience.
However, they lack the customization available with gunite and may have depth and shape limitations.
Vinyl Liner Pools
Vinyl liner pools have a soft, smooth texture similar to fiberglass. The vinyl surface rarely feels uncomfortable to walk on and adapts well to feet of all sensitivities.
However, vinyl can puncture or tear over time, and may need replacement every 15–20 years depending on usage and upkeep.
Comparison Table
| Pool Type | Foot Comfort | Comfort Longevity | Customization | Maintenance Needs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gunite | Depends on finish | High (with resurfacing) | Excellent | High |
| Fiberglass | Excellent | Moderate (can fade/skim) | Low | Moderate |
| Vinyl Liner | Excellent | Low (requires replacement) | Moderate | Moderate |
So, while vinyl and fiberglass offer smoother surfaces out of the box, a well-finished and maintained gunite pool can rival them in terms of comfort.
Misconceptions About Gunite Pool Roughness
There are several myths or misunderstandings about gunite pools and the way they feel:
Myth: All Gunite Pools Are Coarse
The truth is that how a gunite pool feels depends entirely on the finish selected. It may come as a surprise to many pool owners that in the hands of a skilled technician, gunite pools can provide the same smooth texture as fiberglass pools, particularly with quartz or smooth plaster finishes.
Myth: Roughness Is Permanent
Even if a gunite pool’s surface feels rough now, there is always an option to resurface, refine the finish, or apply a protective coating. These upgrades are effective at restoring smoothness and comfort, regardless of how long ago the pool was built.
Myth: Rough Pools Are Always Dangerous
While comfort is important, not all roughness leads to injury. If a pool meets health and safety codes, and regular maintenance is conducted, the risk remains low. The goal should always be to ensure a balance between foot-friendly texture and an anti-slip surface, particularly for areas such as pool steps or deep ends.
Making the Right Choice: Planning for Foot Comfort in a Gunite Pool
If you’re considering a gunite pool, foot comfort should not be an afterthought. In fact, it should be at the forefront of your planning discussions.
Consult with Professionals
The best approach is to work with experienced pool contractors or designers who understand how surface finishes interact with usage and environment. Ask questions like:
- “What are the smoothest finish options available for gunite?”
- “What are trade-offs between a pebble and a smooth plaster finish in terms of texture and upkeep?”
- “Can I combine different finishes in different parts of the pool (e.g., smooth in shallow, textured in deep)?”
Sample Finishes Before Committing
Many contractors provide sample panels of different finishes installed vertically near the equipment area or pool coping. Walk on these to understand the feel underfoot, especially if used barefoot or post-swim.
Regular Inspections and Maintenance
Ensure you are working with—or have access to—a pool maintenance professional who consistently monitors and adjusts the water balance. This will extend the life of your finish and improve comfort over time.
Budget for Resurfacing
Plan for resurfacing every 8–15 years, depending on usage and maintenance. This allows you to refresh the foot texture, address cracks, and upgrade your finish.
Final Thoughts: Are Gunite Pools Rough on Feet?
In conclusion, gunite pools aren’t inherently rough on feet. The initial gunite shell has a coarse texture, but this is covered with a variety of finishes—each influencing how the pool feels underfoot. Smooth or quartz-based finishes can offer high levels of comfort to rival fiberglass or vinyl pools, especially when properly applied and maintained.
Foot comfort depends on both aesthetic choices and functional maintenance. For pool owners, the key takeaway is this: if you want a comfortable, long-lasting, and customizable pool, a gunite pool with a smooth finish and consistent care absolutely delivers.
So instead of asking, “Are gunite pools rough on feet?”, the better question would be:
“How can I ensure my gunite pool is comfortable, safe, and durable for years?”
And that answer is in your finish choice, regular upkeep, and thoughtful design.
Why do people think gunite pools are rough on feet?
The perception that gunite pools are rough on feet largely stems from the texture of the pool’s surface. Gunite, a dry-mix concrete, is applied pneumatically and often results in a somewhat coarse finish if left unpolished or if a textured plaster coat is used during the finishing stage. This texture, while durable and customizable, may feel abrasive to bare feet, especially when the pool surface is dry or lacks a smooth finish coat.
However, this roughness can be significantly reduced through proper finishing techniques. Pool contractors usually apply a final layer of plaster, pebble, or other aggregate finishes to enhance the comfort and aesthetic appeal of the pool. These top coatings determine much of the surface’s feel underfoot, meaning that while the core structure of the pool is gunite, the final walking experience depends on the quality and type of finishing materials used.
How can I make my gunite pool less rough on bare feet?
To make a gunite pool less rough on bare feet, consider the type of finish used after the gunite shell is constructed. Options such as marble aggregate, quartz, or even high-grade plaster can provide a smoother, more comfortable surface. These finishes are polished during installation and can offer a texture that is gentle to the touch while still being durable and long-lasting.
Additionally, regular maintenance and resurfacing every 7–10 years helps keep the pool surface smooth and safe. Acid washing or light sanding during service appointments may also be effective in smoothing minor imperfections. Choosing a professional finisher and discussing your concerns about texture during the design phase can help ensure your gunite pool remains comfortable for barefoot use.
Are there specific gunite pool finishes that are smoother than others?
Yes, certain finishes available for gunite pools are specifically designed to be smoother on the feet. Traditional white plaster, for example, provides a relatively smooth surface and is a popular choice for comfort and affordability. For even greater smoothness with added durability, some pool owners opt for high-quality quartz finishes that offer a glass-like feel and superior resistance to staining and erosion.
On the other hand, pebble-based finishes, while visually appealing and highly durable, tend to be rougher because of their natural stone texture. These finishes are usually selected for aesthetic appeal, particularly in regions where water conservation and longevity are priorities. Choosing the right finish depends on personal preferences regarding look, maintenance, and tactile comfort, so it’s wise to visit sample panels or view existing installations before deciding.
How durable is a smooth gunite pool surface compared to a textured one?
Smooth gunite pool surfaces, such as those with fine-plaster finishes, are generally more delicate compared to textured or aggregate finishes like pebble or quartz. While smooth finishes provide a more comfortable feel underfoot, they may show wear more easily, including scratches and stains, especially if the pool is frequently used with rough pool toys or excessive foot traffic without proper cleaning protocols.
Textured surfaces, on the other hand, tend to be more robust, offering increased resistance to abrasion and natural wear. While they may not be as comfortable barefoot as their smooth counterparts, they often last longer and require fewer resurfacing treatments. When choosing between a smooth and textured finish, consider usage patterns, maintenance capabilities, and the desired aesthetic, as these factors will help determine the best balance of comfort and durability.
Is it possible to resurface a rough gunite pool to make it smoother?
Yes, one of the major advantages of gunite pools is their adaptability, which includes the ability to resurface the interior to improve texture and comfort. If your pool has become rough over time or was initially finished with a coarse material like pebble, your pool contractor can perform a professional resurfacing project. This typically involves draining the pool, inspecting and repairing any structural issues, and then applying a new, smoother finish coat such as plaster or quartz.
Resurfacing can take a few days to a week depending on the size of the pool and the type of finish selected, and while it involves an investment, it can significantly enhance the usability and appearance of the pool. When planning a resurface, be sure to discuss all available options with your contractor to find a finish that meets your comfort expectations while also fitting your maintenance routine and budget.
How does water chemistry affect the texture of a gunite pool surface?
Water chemistry can play a role in how a gunite pool surface feels over time. Poorly balanced water—particularly high pH, high calcium hardness, or incorrect alkalinity—can lead to scaling, etching, or calcification on the surface, which can make even the smoothest finishes feel rough. These mineral deposits and surface irregularities contribute to the perception of a harsh texture and can negatively impact foot comfort.
Maintaining proper chemical balance, including regular testing and adjustment of chlorine, pH, calcium hardness, and total alkalinity, is key to preserving the smoothness of any gunite pool surface. Acid washing or light sanding during routine cleaning can also help remove buildup and restore smoothness. Proper water chemistry not only improves the feel of the pool but also extends the life of the finish, preserving both comfort and aesthetics for years.
What are the health and safety implications of a rough gunite pool surface?
A rough gunite pool surface can pose some health and safety concerns, especially for young children, elderly swimmers, or anyone with sensitive skin. Prolonged contact with an abrasively textured surface can lead to irritation, micro-cuts, or even scrapes that could become prone to infection if not properly cleaned. In commercial or public pools, regulatory bodies often recommend certain surface smoothness standards to reduce such risks.
Moreover, rough surfaces can harbor algae and bacteria more easily than smooth ones, making sanitation and cleaning more challenging. This can compromise water quality and health safety. Choosing a properly finished interior and maintaining it regularly can reduce these hazards. It is also recommended to test the pool surfaces periodically by walking through barefoot to ensure they remain safe and comfortable for regular use.