The crisp air of autumn signals a change, not just in the leaves, but also in our lawn care routines. The tireless hum of the lawn mower, a constant companion through spring and summer, begins to fade into silence. As we prepare our gardens and landscapes for the dormancy of winter, a crucial question arises: what to do with the gas in the lawn mower? Leaving gasoline in the tank over the winter months can seem like a small detail, but it can have a significant impact on your mower’s performance and longevity. Let’s delve into the intricacies of fuel, the mechanics of your lawn mower, and the best practices for winterizing your machine.
Understanding the Problem: The Perils of Old Gasoline
Gasoline isn’t the stable, unchanging substance we often assume it is. It’s a complex blend of hydrocarbons and additives, carefully formulated for optimal engine performance. However, over time, gasoline degrades, especially when exposed to air and fluctuating temperatures. This degradation process is the root of the problem when it comes to storing your lawn mower for the winter.
Gasoline Degradation: What Happens?
Several factors contribute to gasoline degradation. Oxidation is a primary culprit. Exposure to oxygen in the air causes the gasoline to react, forming gum and varnish deposits. These sticky residues can clog fuel lines, carburetors, and other vital engine components.
Another significant issue is the evaporation of volatile components. As gasoline sits, the lighter, more easily ignitable components evaporate. This leaves behind a heavier, less combustible mixture, making it harder to start your mower in the spring.
Furthermore, the introduction of ethanol into gasoline, a common practice aimed at reducing emissions, adds another layer of complexity. Ethanol attracts moisture, leading to water contamination within the fuel. This water can cause corrosion and further exacerbate the formation of gum and varnish. This is especially problematic during the temperature fluctuations of winter, as condensation can form inside the fuel tank.
The Consequences for Your Lawn Mower
Leaving old, degraded gasoline in your lawn mower over the winter can lead to a host of problems, some more severe than others.
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Difficulty Starting: The most common issue is difficulty starting the mower in the spring. The degraded fuel may not ignite properly, requiring repeated attempts and potentially draining the battery.
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Clogged Carburetor: The carburetor is responsible for mixing air and fuel in the correct proportions. Gum and varnish deposits from old gasoline can clog the tiny passages within the carburetor, disrupting this delicate balance and causing rough idling, stalling, and overall poor engine performance. Cleaning or replacing a clogged carburetor can be a costly and time-consuming repair.
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Fuel Line Blockages: Similar to the carburetor, fuel lines can become clogged with sticky deposits, restricting the flow of fuel to the engine.
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Corrosion: Water contamination from ethanol-blended fuels can lead to corrosion of internal engine components, further reducing the mower’s lifespan.
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Reduced Engine Lifespan: Over time, the cumulative effects of using degraded fuel can lead to premature wear and tear on the engine, ultimately shortening its lifespan.
The Solution: Winterizing Your Lawn Mower’s Fuel System
Fortunately, preventing these problems is relatively straightforward. The key is to properly winterize your lawn mower’s fuel system before storing it for the off-season. There are two primary approaches: draining the fuel tank and using a fuel stabilizer.
Option 1: Draining the Fuel Tank
Draining the fuel tank is a simple and effective way to prevent gasoline degradation.
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Safety First: Before you begin, ensure you are working in a well-ventilated area, away from any sources of ignition. Gasoline fumes are flammable and can be dangerous.
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Locate the Fuel Shut-Off Valve: Most lawn mowers have a fuel shut-off valve located near the fuel tank. Close this valve to prevent fuel from flowing.
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Disconnect the Fuel Line: Carefully disconnect the fuel line from the carburetor.
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Drain the Fuel: Place a suitable container beneath the fuel line to catch the draining gasoline. Allow all the fuel to drain completely.
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Empty the Carburetor: Some models may require you to drain the carburetor as well. Consult your owner’s manual for specific instructions.
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Dispose of the Fuel Properly: Do not pour gasoline down the drain or into the environment. Dispose of it properly at a designated hazardous waste collection site.
While draining the tank is effective, it doesn’t address fuel remaining in the carburetor and fuel lines. Therefore, it’s recommended to run the mower until it stalls after draining the tank, ensuring that any remaining fuel is used up.
Option 2: Using a Fuel Stabilizer
Fuel stabilizers are chemical additives designed to prevent gasoline degradation. They work by inhibiting oxidation, preventing the formation of gum and varnish, and helping to stabilize ethanol-blended fuels.
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Choose the Right Stabilizer: Select a fuel stabilizer specifically designed for small engines and ethanol-blended fuels. Read the product label carefully to ensure compatibility with your lawn mower.
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Add the Stabilizer to Fresh Gasoline: Add the recommended amount of fuel stabilizer to the gasoline in your mower’s tank according to the manufacturer’s instructions. It’s best to use fresh gasoline for this purpose.
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Run the Engine: Run the engine for several minutes to allow the stabilized fuel to circulate through the entire fuel system, including the carburetor and fuel lines.
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Store the Mower: Once the stabilized fuel has circulated, you can safely store the mower for the winter.
Using a fuel stabilizer is often considered the easier and more convenient option, as it avoids the need to drain the fuel tank. However, it’s essential to use a high-quality stabilizer and follow the instructions carefully.
Beyond the Fuel: Comprehensive Winterization Tips
While addressing the fuel system is crucial, winterizing your lawn mower involves more than just dealing with the gasoline. A comprehensive approach will ensure your mower is in top condition when spring arrives.
Cleaning the Mower
Thoroughly cleaning your lawn mower is an essential step in the winterization process.
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Remove Debris: Remove any grass clippings, leaves, and other debris from the mower deck, engine, and other components. Use a brush, scraper, or compressed air to remove stubborn debris.
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Wash the Mower: Wash the mower with soap and water to remove dirt and grime. Avoid spraying water directly into the engine or electrical components.
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Dry the Mower: Allow the mower to dry completely before storing it.
Changing the Oil
Changing the oil before storing your lawn mower is highly recommended. Old oil can contain contaminants that can corrode internal engine components over time.
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Warm Up the Engine: Run the engine for a few minutes to warm up the oil.
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Drain the Oil: Locate the oil drain plug and carefully drain the oil into a suitable container.
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Replace the Oil Filter: If your mower has an oil filter, replace it with a new one.
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Refill with Fresh Oil: Refill the engine with the correct type and amount of oil as specified in your owner’s manual.
Inspecting and Maintaining the Spark Plug
The spark plug is responsible for igniting the fuel-air mixture in the engine. Inspecting and maintaining the spark plug is an important part of winterizing your lawn mower.
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Remove the Spark Plug: Carefully remove the spark plug using a spark plug wrench.
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Inspect the Spark Plug: Inspect the spark plug for signs of wear, damage, or fouling.
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Clean or Replace the Spark Plug: Clean the spark plug with a wire brush or replace it with a new one if necessary.
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Check the Spark Plug Gap: Check the spark plug gap using a feeler gauge and adjust it as needed.
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Reinstall the Spark Plug: Reinstall the spark plug and tighten it to the correct torque specification.
Sharpening or Replacing the Blade
A sharp mower blade is essential for a clean and efficient cut. Winter is a great time to sharpen or replace the blade.
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Remove the Blade: Carefully remove the blade from the mower. Wear heavy gloves to protect your hands.
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Sharpen the Blade: Sharpen the blade using a file or grinder. Be sure to maintain the original cutting angle.
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Balance the Blade: After sharpening, balance the blade using a blade balancer. An unbalanced blade can cause excessive vibration and damage to the mower.
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Replace the Blade: If the blade is severely damaged or worn, replace it with a new one.
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Reinstall the Blade: Reinstall the blade and tighten it to the correct torque specification.
Storing the Mower
Proper storage is essential to protect your lawn mower from the elements and prevent damage.
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Choose a Suitable Location: Store the mower in a dry, sheltered location, such as a garage, shed, or basement.
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Cover the Mower: Cover the mower with a tarp or cover to protect it from dust and moisture.
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Disconnect the Battery: If your mower has a battery, disconnect it and store it in a cool, dry place.
The Verdict: To Leave or Not to Leave?
The overwhelming consensus is that you should not leave gasoline in your lawn mower over the winter. The potential problems caused by degraded fuel far outweigh the perceived convenience of leaving the tank full. Whether you choose to drain the fuel tank or use a fuel stabilizer, taking proactive steps to winterize your lawn mower’s fuel system will save you time, money, and frustration in the long run. A little bit of effort in the fall can ensure that your mower is ready to tackle the lawn in the spring, without any unexpected surprises. By following the tips outlined above, you can extend the lifespan of your lawn mower and keep it running smoothly for years to come.
What are the potential problems of leaving gas in a lawn mower over the winter?
Leaving gasoline in your lawn mower’s fuel tank and carburetor over the winter can lead to several problems. Gasoline, especially modern ethanol-blended fuels, can degrade over time. This degradation results in the formation of gummy deposits and varnish, which can clog fuel lines, jets in the carburetor, and other engine components. This can make it difficult, if not impossible, to start your lawn mower in the spring and may require costly repairs or carburetor replacement.
Furthermore, ethanol in gasoline attracts moisture. This moisture can lead to rust and corrosion within the fuel system, particularly in older mowers with metal fuel tanks and components. Water can also separate from the gasoline, settling at the bottom of the tank and carburetor, further exacerbating corrosion and hindering the mower’s ability to start. This separation is known as phase separation and it greatly diminishes the fuel’s ability to burn correctly.
What are the benefits of draining the gas from my lawn mower before winter storage?
Draining the fuel from your lawn mower before winter storage prevents the issues associated with fuel degradation and moisture absorption. By removing the old gasoline, you eliminate the risk of gummy deposits forming in the carburetor and fuel lines, ensuring a smoother start when you need to use your mower again in the spring. This proactive measure can save you time, money, and frustration by preventing potential engine problems.
Emptying the tank also reduces the chance of internal corrosion caused by water accumulation from ethanol-blended fuels. A dry fuel system is less susceptible to rust and degradation, extending the lifespan of your mower’s engine components. This is particularly important for older mowers that may be more vulnerable to corrosion from water absorption.
What type of fuel stabilizer should I use if I choose to leave gas in my lawn mower?
When using fuel stabilizer for winter storage, choose a product specifically designed for small engines and ethanol-blended gasoline. Look for stabilizers that contain additives to prevent fuel degradation, inhibit rust and corrosion, and stabilize the ethanol content in the fuel. Many popular brands offer fuel stabilizers formulated for lawn mowers and other small engine equipment. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding the amount of stabilizer to add to the fuel.
It’s also wise to consider a fuel stabilizer that boasts a longer shelf life and better protection against ethanol-related issues. Some stabilizers are formulated to protect fuel for up to 24 months or longer, providing superior protection during extended storage periods. Read product reviews and compare features to select a high-quality stabilizer that meets your needs and provides optimal protection for your lawn mower’s fuel system.
How do I properly drain the gas from my lawn mower?
Draining the gas from your lawn mower requires taking certain safety precautions. Ensure the engine is cool and the mower is in a well-ventilated area, away from any open flames or sources of ignition. Disconnect the spark plug wire to prevent accidental starting. Locate the fuel shut-off valve (if your mower has one) and close it. Then, carefully remove the fuel line from the carburetor and drain the gasoline into an approved fuel container.
If your mower doesn’t have a fuel shut-off valve, you can use a fuel siphon or a manual pump to remove the gasoline from the tank. Alternatively, some mowers allow you to drain the fuel by tipping them over, but this method can be messy and potentially damage the mower. Once the tank is empty, start the mower (with the spark plug still disconnected) and let it run until it stalls. This ensures that any remaining fuel in the carburetor is burned off. Dispose of the old gasoline responsibly at a designated recycling center or hazardous waste facility.
What are the pros and cons of using non-ethanol fuel in my lawn mower?
Using non-ethanol fuel in your lawn mower offers several advantages, especially during storage. Non-ethanol fuel eliminates the problem of water absorption and phase separation, reducing the risk of corrosion and fuel system damage. It also burns cleaner, leading to less carbon buildup in the engine. This translates to a potentially longer engine life and fewer maintenance issues.
However, non-ethanol fuel is often more expensive and may not be readily available in all areas. It’s crucial to weigh the cost and accessibility of non-ethanol fuel against the benefits before making a switch. If you can easily obtain non-ethanol fuel and are willing to pay the premium, it’s a worthwhile investment, particularly for older or valuable lawn mowers. Consider the cost savings in potential repairs versus the increased fuel price.
Besides the fuel, what other steps should I take to prepare my lawn mower for winter storage?
In addition to addressing the fuel situation, there are several other important steps to prepare your lawn mower for winter storage. Start by thoroughly cleaning the mower deck, removing any grass clippings, dirt, or debris. These can trap moisture and lead to rust and corrosion over time. Inspect the blades for damage or dullness and sharpen or replace them as needed. This will ensure optimal cutting performance when you resume mowing in the spring.
Next, change the engine oil to remove contaminants and acids that can corrode internal engine components. Clean or replace the air filter to ensure proper airflow when you start the mower again. Remove the spark plug and pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder, then manually rotate the engine a few times to distribute the oil and protect the cylinder walls. Finally, store the mower in a dry, sheltered location, such as a garage or shed, to protect it from the elements.
If I choose to use fuel stabilizer, when and how should I add it to the gas?
The best time to add fuel stabilizer to your lawn mower’s gasoline is shortly before you plan to store it for the winter. Ideally, add the stabilizer to a fresh tank of gasoline. This ensures that the stabilizer is thoroughly mixed throughout the entire fuel system, providing comprehensive protection against degradation and corrosion. Avoid adding stabilizer to old, degraded fuel, as it may not be as effective in preventing further deterioration.
To add the stabilizer, follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully, paying close attention to the recommended dosage for the amount of gasoline in your tank. Typically, you’ll need to pour the appropriate amount of stabilizer into the fuel tank and then run the engine for a few minutes to allow the treated fuel to circulate through the carburetor and fuel lines. This ensures that the stabilizer reaches all critical components and provides optimal protection during storage. Let the engine run briefly before shutting it off for the winter to ensure the stabilized fuel coats all parts of the fuel system.