Owning a swimming pool is a dream come true for many families, especially those with kids who love spending time outdoors and in the water. However, safety often tops the concerns list for parents when considering pool options. With multiple types of pools available—ranging from in-ground to above ground—it’s important to analyze which is safest for children.
In this article, we’ll explore whether above ground pools are safer for kids by diving into their structure, accessibility, supervision aspects, accident statistics, and how they compare to in-ground pools. We’ll also discuss safety measures you can take, and whether the answer depends on your family’s unique needs.
Comparing Above Ground and In-Ground Pools: Key Structural Differences
Understanding why some parents believe above ground pools are safer begins with examining their basic design and installation differences compared to in-ground pools.
Elevation vs. Ground-Level Installation
As the name suggests, above ground pools are typically installed above ground level. They sit on a leveled surface of grass or concrete and are supported by metal, resin, or wood walls. This installation results in the water being several inches to several feet above the ground. On the other hand, in-ground pools require digging into the earth and are usually built with a depth of four feet or more.
Because of their raised structure, many people assume that above ground pools reduce the risk of a child wandering in unnoticed since they are less accessible. In contrast, in-ground pools can seem like a hidden hazard in the backyard without proper fencing and supervision.
Pool Depth and Accident Potential
The depth of a pool plays a significant role in safety. While in-ground pools are known for their greater depth (often starting at 3 feet and extending beyond 7 feet), above ground pools tend to have an average depth of 4 feet. The shallower depth might reduce the risk of drowning in cases where a child falls into the water unsupervised. In such situations, the child could stand or reach the side more easily.
However, this benefit is nullified in larger above ground pools that include deeper areas or slides, which might still lead to significant risks.
Accessibility and Risk Factors for Children
While design matters, how accessible a pool is to young children can often make the biggest difference when assessing risk.
Limited Unsupervised Access
One of the main arguments behind the perceived safety of above ground pools is their natural deterrent to access. Since they are elevated, most above ground pools require stairs or ladders to enter. This makes it harder for toddlers or young children to reach the pool without assistance, which can be a significant advantage.
Installing a removable ladder or making permanent stairs inaccessible when the pool is not in use can dramatically enhance safety for families with young children. With in-ground pools, it’s essential to fence off the entire perimeter to limit access, but even then, determined children might find ways under or around these fences.
Supervision Needs and Child Behavior
Even within seemingly safe designs, constant supervision is critical. Young children can sneak into pools quickly, and just a few inches of water is enough for an accident. For this reason, parents must be vigilant regardless of the pool type. However, the visibility difference can be an asset: many above ground pools offer clearer sightlines due to their modest size and the elevated sides, making it easier for parents to monitor from decks or fences.
Impact on Drowning Risk by Age
According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), drowning is a leading cause of unintentional injury death among children ages 1–4. Most child drownings happen in home pools, both in-ground and above ground. While the statistics don’t break incidents down by pool type, anecdotal evidence suggests that above ground pools may reduce the opportunities for small children to enter pools unsupervised due to their structural barriers like steps and raised walls.
Real Safety Statistics: What Do They Reveal?
While design principles offer clues, official drowning statistics can provide real-world insight into risk comparison.
Pooled Data Without Clear Divides
Unfortunately, most national health and safety organizations don’t compile separate data on in-ground versus above ground pools. However, non-pool-specific drowning data shows that the number of deaths remains relatively consistent. This suggests that safety isn’t just about pool type—it’s about awareness and environment.
That said, the CDC suggests fencing that completely separates the pool from the house and yard can reduce childhood drownings by up to 50%. If applied, this safety feature may surpass the architectural differences as a mitigating factor.
Home Safety and the Role of Pool Covers and Alarms
Both pool types can benefit from additional safety measures like:
- Automatic or safety pool covers
- Pool and door alarms
- Professional fencing
Above ground pools typically cover smaller areas, which makes full fencing easier and more economical, though many of the same protections can be retrofitted onto in-ground options.
Design Considerations for Families with Kids
Beyond just the immediate question of safety, several design features contribute to whether an above ground pool is ideal for a family.
Pool Size and Family Needs
If your primary goal is fun and swimming lessons for children, the pool size can make a huge difference. Traditional in-ground pools are typically large enough to accommodate water games and swim instruction, while most above ground pools are smaller in surface area.
However:
- About 80% of families with small children use only a fraction of their pool’s area.
- Kids under 6 often prefer wading areas or splash zones instead of deep areas.
This makes compact above ground pools particularly suitable for younger age groups.
Water Depth and Safety Zones
A pool that includes multiple depths, such as a shallow end for children and a deeper end for adults, may be best for long-term family use, but such designs are typically seen in in-ground installations.
Above ground pools are usually uniform in depth. However, some newer models allow you to create a dual-depth effect using modular flooring or pool inserts. For young children who can’t swim confidently, that consistency can actually improve safety, making it easier to stay in comfortable water.
Water Sanitation and Maintenance
Safety isn’t just physical. Chemical treatment and cleanliness play a significant role in ensuring water is safe for kids to play in. Both pool types require careful maintenance. However, since above ground pools are often smaller, chemical adjustments can be quicker and easier for first-time pool owners—especially those with children sensitive to improper chlorine levels.
Additional Factors That Make Above Ground Pools a Safer Choice
Let’s explore other underrated features that provide safety advantages unique to above ground pool installations.
Easier to Monitor from Elevated Vantage Points
Since most above ground pools are semi-elevated, they are often placed near patios or outdoor living spaces. This makes monitoring children less intrusive and more natural for adults.
Fewer Slips and Trips on Wet Ground
In-ground pools often have larger deck areas around them, which means more flat space to slip on if splashing water makes the surface wet. Above ground pools with integrated decks or smaller surroundings may reduce this risk, especially with non-slip materials applied.
Faster Installation Equals Fewer Construction-Risk Injuries
In-ground pool installation is a multi-month process involving excavation, heavy machinery, and long dry times for cement. During this period, children could encounter hazards from exposed pits and ongoing construction. Above ground pools are typically installed in a few days, which reduces exposure to worksite dangers.
Safety Measures You Must Implement Regardless of Pool Type
Pool safety isn’t solely determined by pool type. Implementing the following precautions is crucial for both in-ground and above ground pools.
Pool Fencing is Non-Negotiable
A 4-foot tall fence with self-closing gates can prevent accidental entry into the pool area. For even greater security, the fence should not allow easy climbing or access from nearby structures like trees or play equipment.
Pool Alarms and Covers Add an Extra Layer
Modern pool alarms are sensitive to movement and can provide real-time alerts. Additionally, rigid or mesh safety covers should be used when the pool is closed for winter or during unsupervised hours.
Teaching Water Safety Is Critical
Regardless of pool type, parents should begin swim instruction early and teach basic water safety. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends swim lessons for children starting at age 1 and says they have been shown to reduce the risk of drowning by 88%.
Emergency Kits and CPR Knowledge
Families who own pools should keep emergency kits within reach. CPR and life-saving drills should be taught to all caregivers, even those without swimming experience.
Other Family-Friendly Features of Above Ground Pools
Cost-Effectiveness
For many families on a tight budget, cost is a big factor. Above ground pools are significantly more affordable to install. While in-ground pools can run anywhere between $20,000 and $50,000, above ground options often start as low as $1,000 for DIY kits or up to $12,000 for premium models.
Portability and Flexibility
Some above ground pools, especially soft-side or inflatable options, can be moved or stored seasonally. While not for everyone, they offer flexibility that may suit transient families or those who want to use backyard space differently as their children grow.
Quick Setup
If you want a pool this summer and aren’t willing to wait months, above ground pools can be the solution. Within a weekend, many models are up, filled, and ready to use.
Limitations of Above Ground Pools
While they can be safer in several areas, above ground pools also have potential limitations that parents should consider.
Stability in Extreme Weather Conditions
Above ground pools are more susceptible to damage from severe weather like high winds or heavy snowfall. This raises concerns about safety during off-seasons and maintenance during freeze cycles.
Material Wear and Aging
Inferiorly made walls or vinyl linings can become brittle, split, or degrade over time, possibly leading to collapse or dangerous leaks. Always choose a pool built to withstand seasonal use and environmental conditions.
Long-Term Property Value
If designed professionally, an in-ground pool can add significant resale value to a home. Above ground pools, however, are typically seen as temporary fixtures and may not offer the same return.
In Conclusion: Choosing the Right Pool Based on Safety and Practicality
Are above ground pools safer for kids? The answer isn’t a simple yes or no—it depends on many factors:
Key Takeaways
- Above ground pools can offer reduced unsupervised access due to their structural setup and optional steps.
- They often feature shallower and more uniform water depths, which may enhance safety for non-swimmers.
- Both pool types require strong parental supervision and additional safety measures like fences, alarms, and lessons.
- Ultimately, the family’s lifestyle, budget, and long-term plans should define the decision.
When considering safety alone, the physical limitations of above ground pools (like elevation) make them a favorable option for families with very young children. That said, proper supervision, water safety education, and the installation of safety fencing and alarms are what will protect children—not merely the pool type.
So, if you’re evaluating your backyard pool options and safety is your number one priority, an above ground pool could be a practical, safer starting point—especially for families with toddlers or those looking for cost-effective installation and reduced risk of deep-water play.
Remember, the safest pool is the one with the most attention to safety precautions, constant supervision, and a well-thought-out installation that fits your home and family needs. Whether it’s in-ground or above ground, making swimming a fun and secure activity for your kids starts with informed choices.
Are above ground pools safer for kids compared to in-ground pools?
Yes, above ground pools are generally considered safer for children compared to in-ground pools. One primary reason is that they are elevated, which means young children cannot simply wander into the water unnoticed. Most above ground pools require stairs or ladders to access the pool area, which can be equipped with childproof locks or removable steps. This physical barrier offers an extra layer of protection, reducing the risk of unsupervised entry and accidental drowning.
Additionally, the smaller size of many above ground pools can make supervision easier for parents and caregivers. It’s often simpler to keep an eye on children in a compact space, especially when the pool is part of a clearly defined play area. However, it’s important to remember that while above ground pools have certain safety advantages, they still require the same diligent supervision, proper fencing, and safety precautions as in-ground pools.
What safety features should I look for in an above ground pool for kids?
When selecting an above ground pool with children in mind, look for key safety features such as secure ladders with locks, pool covers that meet safety standards, and sturdy railings around the deck. A ladder that can be removed or locked when the pool isn’t in use is essential for preventing unsupervised access. Safety covers, especially those designed to bear weight, can also help prevent accidental falls into the water when the pool is not in use.
Another important feature is a surrounding fence or enclosure. Even though the pool is elevated, a self-closing and self-latching gate adds an extra layer of security. Some above ground pools can be integrated with deck systems that include built-in railings and gates, enhancing safety. Additionally, consider installing alarms on doors leading to the pool area and educating children about pool safety rules.
How can I make my above ground pool safer for young children?
To increase the safety of an above ground pool for young children, start by installing a four-sided fence with a self-latching gate around the pool perimeter. This fence should be separate from the house structure and tall enough to prevent climbing. In addition to fencing, use a safety-rated pool cover when the pool is not in use, ensuring it is tightly secured to prevent children from slipping underneath.
Creating a designated play area away from the pool’s edge and supervising children at all times are also critical safety practices. Enrolling children in swimming lessons can help them develop basic water skills, while establishing strict rules—such as no running near the pool or diving—ensures safer behavior. Also, consider a pool alarm system and always keep safety equipment like a life ring and shepherd’s hook nearby for emergencies.
Do above ground pools still require child supervision?
Absolutely—above ground pools require just as much supervision as in-ground pools. While they do offer additional physical barriers, children can still find ways to access the water if precautions aren’t taken. Even with locked ladders and fences, unexpected situations may arise, and no safety measure completely replaces the need for a watchful adult.
Supervision should be active and uninterrupted when children are near the pool. This means avoiding distractions such as cell phones, TV, or household chores. Designating a “water watcher” during gatherings or swim times can help ensure someone is always focused on safety. Teaching kids not to swim alone and reinforcing clear rules for pool use are also important aspects of a supervisory routine.
What are the potential risks of having an above ground pool with children around?
Although above ground pools are often considered safer, they are not without risk. One common danger is falls from the elevated structure, especially for younger children or when the pool deck becomes slippery. The ladders and steps present another potential hazard if they are not properly maintained or used incorrectly. If safety covers are not installed properly, children might fall onto or through them, leading to entrapment or drowning risks.
Other potential dangers include structural failures such as collapses if the pool is not installed or maintained correctly, as well as entrapment from pool equipment like filters and drains. Electrical items around the pool area, such as lights or pumps, can also pose shock risks if not properly grounded. These risks underscore the importance of adhering to manufacturer instructions, routine maintenance, and consistent adult supervision to ensure a safe swimming environment for children.
Can above ground pool fences provide enough safety for kids?
Above ground pool fences are a vital component of pool safety and can provide significant protection when installed and used correctly. The ideal fence should be at least 4 feet high, have no gaps larger than 4 inches, and feature self-closing, self-latching gates. If the pool’s structure can support it, the fence should completely enclose the pool area, isolating it from the house and yard.
However, a fence alone isn’t sufficient for complete safety; it should be combined with other measures such as alarms, pool covers, and responsible adult supervision. Fences are effective in delaying access to the pool, giving caregivers crucial seconds during emergencies. It’s important to ensure the fence complies with local safety regulations, is in good condition, and is supplemented with additional tools like door and gate alarms for maximum protection.
Is it necessary to teach kids to swim if we have an above ground pool?
Yes, it’s essential to teach children to swim even if you have an above ground pool. Swimming lessons can significantly reduce the risk of drowning and equip children with basic life-saving skills. While above ground pools may be shallower and smaller, children can still panic or get injured in water, and knowing how to swim or float can be the difference between a minor incident and a tragedy.
Furthermore, swimming skills contribute to a child’s confidence and comfort in and around water. Lessons taught by a certified instructor help reinforce safety habits, such as entering the water properly and understanding depth. These lessons also provide parents with peace of mind and help children develop lifelong skills related to water safety, regardless of pool type.