Maintaining an inground pool can be a delightful experience—offering relaxation, recreation, and lasting family memories—however, it also comes with the responsibility of regular upkeep. A common question among homeowners is whether or not they should drain their inground pool every year. While some believe this is a necessary maintenance step, others argue it can lead to structural or chemical complications. In this detailed guide, we will explore this question from multiple angles to help you make an informed decision tailored to your pool’s specific needs.
Understanding Inground Pool Maintenance Basics
Before diving into the specifics of draining a pool, it’s crucial to understand the basic principles of inground pool maintenance. Proper care involves a balanced routine of chemical management, filter cleaning, water circulation, and surface cleaning.
Chemical Balance: The Cornerstone of Pool Health
Maintaining the correct chemical balance in your pool water is essential to prevent algae growth, bacterial contamination, and equipment corrosion. Key chemicals include:
- Chlorine – helps kill bacteria and maintain water sanitation.
- pH level adjusters – ensure the water is at a safe level for swimmers (ideally between 7.2 and 7.8).
- Algaecides – keep algae growth at bay.
If these chemicals are carefully managed throughout the year, it significantly reduces the need for deep cleaning measures such as complete draining.
Water Circulation and Filtration
Good circulation and filtration are vital to a clean pool. A pool pump circulates water through the filter system, which removes debris and contaminants. Regular filter maintenance and scheduled pump cycles help preserve water clarity and extend the interval between major cleanings like draining.
Why Do People Consider Draining an Inground Pool Yearly?
There are several reasons homeowners choose to drain their inground pools annually, ranging from routine maintenance practices to concerns about chemical imbalance. Understanding these motivations helps in analyzing whether the procedure is truly necessary.
Deep Cleaning and Algae Removal
Draining a pool allows for a more thorough deep clean. During the process, you can scrub the floor, walls, and steps, removing any built-up dirt or stubborn contaminants. Some pool owners find it easier to remove persistent algae from the surface when the pool is completely empty.
Water Quality Issues
If a pool has high total dissolved solids (TDS) or calcium buildup over an extended period, draining the pool may seem like an effective way to reset water quality. These issues can often be avoided with consistent partial draining and balancing of chemical levels.
Winterization Concerns
In cold climates, some pool specialists recommend draining the pool at the end of the swimming season to prepare for winter. However, this practice is increasingly debated because modern pool covers and circulation pumps can maintain excellent water conditions without the need to completely drain the pool.
Is Draining an Inground Pool Every Year Necessary?
This question has no universal answer—it depends on specific conditions like water quality, climate, and usage. That said, it’s not typically necessary to drain an inground pool every year, and in some situations, doing so could create more problems than it solves.
Pool Type and Structural Considerations
Inground pools, especially those built with concrete, vinyl, or fiberglass, are not designed for frequent draining without specific reasons. For example, if a pool is emptied completely, the hydrostatic pressure from groundwater can lift or crack a concrete or fiberglass shell unless precautions are taken.
Climate and Seasonal Changes
In areas with mild or temperate weather, pools may remain filled year-round and require only periodic maintenance like partially draining and refilling to adjust chemical levels. In colder regions, however, winter preparation methods such as lowering the water level to just below the skimmer and using antifreeze in exposed pipes can be effective without needing to drain the entire pool.
Frequency of Use and Contamination Levels
Pools that are used intensively throughout the year or in areas exposed to heavy debris and organic contaminants may benefit from periodic draining. However, this process does not need to occur annually—every 3 to 5 years is often sufficient, depending on water chemistry, environmental conditions, and maintenance practices.
When Should You Drain an Inground Pool?
Despite the general notion that annual draining isn’t required, there are several situations where draining your pool makes good sense. Understanding these cases will help you avoid overdoing it while recognizing when it’s truly needed.
For Major Repairs and Renovations
If your pool requires repairs to the structure, tiles, or liner, it often must be fully drained to access the affected area. This includes fixing cracks in concrete, replacing a vinyl liner, or performing tile work around the waterline.
Severe Algae Infestation or Staining
Certain advanced algae problems and staining can’t be tackled effectively without draining the pool and cleaning the surfaces manually. However, experts often recommend intensive chemical treatments as a first step before fully emptying the pool.
High Levels of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
When TDS levels become excessively high—even disrupting chemical balance and filter efficiency—it can be helpful to drain the pool partially or fully, depending on severity. This is particularly relevant if your pool uses saltwater systems, where TDS can rise rapidly over time.
How to Check TDS Levels
Using a digital TDS tester or test kit can help monitor these levels. If readings exceed 2,500 ppm, partial draining and refilling may be recommended to reset your water chemistry.
Winterization Practices – How Much Is Necessary?
Winterizing the pool does not require a full drain. In most cases, lowering the water level to several inches below the skimmer, adding winterizing chemicals, and covering the pool adequately are sufficient steps. Draining entirely is only needed if your pool will be subjected to freezing temperatures and lacks proper plumbing systems and insulation.
Best Practices for Pool Draining
When the situation demands full or partial draining, it’s essential to follow proper procedures to protect your pool and comply with local water regulations.
Step-By-Step Process for Draining an Inground Pool
Before beginning the draining process:
- Check local water usage laws – Some municipalities have restrictions on draining pool water into the sewer system or street drains.
- Balance chemical levels – Ensure pool water chlorine levels are below 0.5 ppm and pH levels are within the acceptable range before draining.
- Prepare the pump and filtration system – Turn off power to pool equipment and disconnect all components appropriately.
- Select a drainage method – Using a submersible pump or drain plug with a garden hose is effective and avoids structural damage.
- Monitor the process – Stay nearby while the pool drains to avoid over-draining or potential damage to the pool shell, especially for vinyl and fiberglass pools.
Can You Do It Yourself or Should You Hire a Professional?
While many homeowners tackle this project themselves, professional pool contractors offer several benefits:
- Expertise in determining drainage necessity – Professionals can assess your pool’s condition and advise when full drainage isn’t warranted.
- Specialized equipment – Using commercial-grade pumps ensures quicker and safer drainage.
- Risk mitigation – Professionals take precautions to prevent water pressure issues and surface damage during draining.
Draining Frequency Based on Pool Type
Knowing your pool type can offer some insight into how often it may need to be drained:
| Pool Type | Recommended Draining Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Concrete | Every 5–7 years | Prone to hydrostatic pressure issues if drained too frequently. |
| Vinyl | Every 7–10 years | Drain only during major liner repairs or contamination issues. |
| Fiberglass | Every 10+ years | Highly durable; rarely requires full draining. |
Mistakes to Avoid When Draining an Inground Pool
Draining a pool incorrectly can cause long-term damage, ranging from cracked surfaces to liner issues or even environmental harm. Here are some common mistakes and how you can prevent them.
Draining Too Often
The most common mistake is completely draining a pool every year, even when it’s not needed. This overworks the filtration system unnecessarily and increases chemical costs while putting undue strain on the pool materials.
Improper Disposal of Pool Water
Pool water contains chemicals like chlorine and algaecides, which can harm plants, wildlife, and municipal drainage systems. Always dechlorinate water adequately before draining and check local runoff rules to ensure compliance with environmental guidelines.
Ignoring Equipment Shutdown Before Draining
Failing to disconnect pool equipment before draining can lead to pump failure or system damage. Before the drainage process, shut off power and prepare filters and pumps for extended inactivity.
Draining Too Quickly
Draining the pool too fast—especially using inadequate pumps—can result in excessive pressure variations around the pool structure and cause structural warps or cracks in vinyl and fiberglass models.
Alternatives to Complete Pool Draining
If your pool requires maintenance but doesn’t necessarily need a complete drain, there are other options to restore water quality and cleanliness.
Partial Draining and Refilling
Simply draining a portion of the pool can help reduce TDS and dilute chemical imbalances. This method maintains hydrostatic pressure within the pool and avoids the need to empty it entirely.
Skimming and Surface Cleaning
Removing debris and surface contaminants regularly eliminates buildup and makes deep cleaning unnecessary for most pools. Using automatic pool cleaners or manual vacuuming increases efficiency without draining.
Chemical Treatments for Water Quality
Modern pool chemicals can effectively target contaminants, algae, and metals in the water. By using specialty treatments like flocculants, clarifiers, and stain removers, you can maintain cleanliness and chemical stability without draining.
Professional Maintenance Services
Regular inspections by pool professionals can extend the need to drain your inground pool. Hiring an expert can detect early signs of imbalance, contamination, or equipment wear, saving money and hassle in the long run.
Conclusion: Key Takeaways for Inground Pool Owners
So, do you have to drain an inground pool every year? The simple answer is no. For most pools, annual draining is unnecessary and can even lead to structural damage or increased maintenance costs. If you manage your pool water chemistry regularly, keep your equipment in good condition, and perform periodic maintenance, your pool can thrive for years without a full drain.
However, certain situations—like extensive algae problems, high TDS levels, or structural repairs—may make draining beneficial or necessary. The key is to understand your pool’s needs, monitor water quality, and make decisions based on your specific conditions rather than a general “once-a-year” rule.
By adopting smart maintenance practices and knowing when, how, and why to drain your pool, you’ll ensure it remains a source of joy and relaxation for you and your family for many seasons to come.
Remember, your pool isn’t just a backyard feature—it’s a long-term investment, and proper care will preserve its value and functionality year after year.
Do you have to drain an inground pool every year?
No, you do not have to drain an inground pool every year. In fact, regularly draining your pool can be unnecessary and potentially harmful. Most inground pools are designed to hold water year-round, and the structure is built to withstand the pressure from both the water and the surrounding ground. Draining a pool should generally only be done when absolutely necessary, such as for major repairs, significant water contamination, or when winterizing in areas with freezing temperatures and the pool isn’t equipped with a proper winter cover and maintenance system.
However, in certain climates or under specific conditions, partial draining might be beneficial. For example, some pool owners may choose to lower the water level slightly for winter to accommodate debris and precipitation. Also, pools with high total dissolved solids (TDS) or stubborn chemical imbalances may require partial or full draining to maintain water quality. The decision to drain should be based on your specific circumstances, including regional climate, water chemistry, and the condition of your pool’s structure and equipment.
What are the risks of draining an inground pool?
Draining an inground pool can pose several risks, especially if done improperly or without professional guidance. One major risk is structural damage. Pools are designed to have water in them, which helps balance the pressure between the interior and exterior. Without water, hydrostatic pressure from groundwater can cause the pool to lift or “float,” resulting in cracks, tile damage, or even severe structural failure. This is particularly common in areas with high water tables or heavy rainfall.
Another risk involves the deterioration of pool surfaces such as plaster or concrete. Draining a pool exposes these materials to air and temperature fluctuations, which can lead to drying, cracking, and staining. Additionally, draining a pool means you’ll have to refill and re-balance the water chemistry, which can be costly and time-consuming. It’s essential to weigh the benefits against these risks before deciding to drain and to consult a professional if unsure.
When is it necessary to drain an inground pool?
There are several legitimate scenarios when draining an inground pool becomes necessary. This includes major repairs such as fixing leaks, replacing plumbing lines, or resurfacing the interior. If the pool water becomes severely contaminated—for example, with algae blooms that have gone untreated or high levels of metals—it may be necessary to drain and thoroughly clean the pool before refilling. Also, in some areas, local regulations or maintenance protocols may require draining and cleaning the pool periodically to ensure public health and safety.
Another common reason for draining a pool is during the winterization process in regions where freezing temperatures can damage the pool structure. In such cases, the water level is typically lowered just enough to protect equipment and prevent ice damage, not completely emptied. Proper draining should follow a detailed process, including the use of hydrostatic relief plugs, proper water disposal methods, and timing the operation with weather conditions to avoid issues like ground water pressure buildup or surface damage.
How often should you drain and refill your inground pool?
Most pool experts recommend draining and refilling an inground pool every 3 to 5 years, depending on water quality and usage. Over time, chemicals, minerals, and total dissolved solids (TDS) build up in the water, making it harder to balance chemistry effectively. When this happens, partial or full draining can help reset the water quality. However, this doesn’t mean you need to completely drain your pool—sometimes replacing just a portion of the water can resolve issues without fully emptying the structure.
Frequent draining can shorten the lifespan of your pool’s surface and equipment, so it’s important to monitor your water chemistry regularly and only drain when necessary. Factors such as evaporation, backwashing frequency, and poor water management can contribute to chemical imbalance, but these issues can often be addressed without draining entirely. Always consult with a licensed pool professional to determine the best course of action for your specific situation.
Can pool covers and winterization replace the need for annual draining?
Yes, in most cases, a quality pool cover and proper winterization can eliminate the need for annual draining. Winter covers help keep debris out, reduce evaporation, and maintain chemical balance during the off-season. When combined with winterization steps such as lowering the water level, adding winterizing chemicals, and protecting plumbing lines, the pool can safely remain closed without needing to be emptied. This approach preserves the water chemistry and reduces wear on pool surfaces caused by repeated drying and refilling.
Pool covers also help protect against algae growth and staining during the closed period. Draining should only be used as a last resort when chemical imbalances or physical damage cannot be addressed through standard maintenance. Investing in a durable, fitted winter cover and following recommended winter maintenance practices will help protect your pool and reduce the need for extensive draining and refilling each year.
What are the alternatives to draining an inground pool?
Instead of draining your inground pool, several alternatives can help maintain water quality and extend the pool’s lifespan. Regular water testing, chemical adjustments, and filtration are essential to keeping your pool balanced and free from contaminants. Using phosphate removers, clarifiers, or enzyme treatments can break down organic matter and reduce the buildup of unwanted minerals. In cases of elevated TDS or stubborn chemical issues, partial draining combined with refilling can be a viable solution without fully emptying the pool.
Additionally, automatic pool covers and advanced chemical automation systems can help maintain cleaner, safer water throughout the season, reducing the need for draining. Maintaining proper pH, chlorine, alkalinity, and calcium hardness levels is key to preventing scaling and corrosion. By practicing consistent maintenance and addressing issues early, most pool owners can avoid the need to fully drain their pools every year.
What should I do after draining my inground pool?
After draining your inground pool, it’s important to clean and inspect the structure carefully. Begin by removing debris, brushing the surfaces, and repairing any cracks or damage before refilling. If the pool was drained for repairs, ensure that all work has been completed and inspected by a professional. Once the structure is prepared, re-fill the pool using a clean water source and re-establish proper chemical balance as soon as possible to prevent staining or surface issues.
It is also crucial to monitor water levels and equipment function as the pool refills. Consider hiring a professional to test and balance the chemistry accurately, especially if the pool has had persistent chemical issues. Regular filter operation and circulation will help stabilize the water quality. Once refilled and balanced, resume routine maintenance to ensure the pool remains in optimal condition for the season ahead.